Four cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred among 38 renal transplant recipients. Diagnosis was confirmed by cyst concentration technique in 2 cases. The other 2 cases were clinically, from the rapid improvement of fever, pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxia following a therapeutic trial of high dose sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. All patients responded to treatment with high dose sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Three patients survived pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but i died due to aspergillosis. One patients showed serological evidence of concomitant cytomegalovirus infection
