In the present article I propose a unified analysis of all constructions containing the -ing clause. For that purpose, I propose a set of grammatical categories PRP, PRPP, and PRP. By assuming such a set of separate grammatical categories, we are able to account for the various grammatical peculiarities of the –ing clause, which are different from those of other sentential complement constructions. We can explain the similarity and difference between PRO-ING, POSS-ING and ACC -ING constructions with a nominal function and also the similarity and difference of nominal -ing constructions with other adjectival and adverbial –ing construe tions. Furthermore, our analysis gets rid of the Affix Hopping, which is to be included in the morphological component if the affix -ing should be treated by the
rule
