A new species of nematode, Cylicostephanus longiconus, was collected from mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie, 1898), on the Kelpie farm in the Khomas Hochland, South West Africa/Namibia. These nematodes have 1 large dorsal and 2 small subventral teeth in the oesophageal funnel and submedian papillae with very long tips. The males have a very well-developed dermal collar and genital cone.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. 
Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format

Scialdo-Krecek, Rosina C.

The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. 
Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.A new species of nematode, Cylicostephanus longiconus, was collected from mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie, 1898), on the Kelpie farm in the Khomas Hochland, South West Africa/Namibia. These nematodes have 1 large dorsal and 2 small subventral teeth in the oesophageal funnel and submedian papillae with very long tips. The males have a very well-developed dermal collar and genital cone

UPSpace at the University of Pretoria

Onderstepoort J. vet. Res ., 50, 169-172 (1983) STUDIES ON THE PARASITES OF ZEBRA. II. CYLICOSTEPHANUS LONGICONUS N. SP. (NEMATODA: STRONGYLIDAE) FROM THE MOUNTAIN ZEBRA, EQUUS ZEBRA HARTMANNAE (MATSCIDE, 1898) ROSINA C. SCIALDO-KRECEK, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 12580, Onderstepoort OliO ABSTRACf SCIALDO-KRECEK, ROSINA C., 1983. Studies on the parasites of zebra. II. Cylicostephanus longico-nus n. sp. (Nematoda: Strongylidae) from the mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie , 1898). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 50, 169-172 ( 1983). A new species of nematode, Cylicostephanus /ongiconus, was collected from mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie, 1898), on the Kelpie farm in the Khomas Hochland, South West Africa/Namibia. These nematodes have I large dorsal and 2 small subventral teeth in the oesophageal funnel and submedian papillae with very long tips. The males have a very well-developed dermal collar and genital cone. INTRODUCfiON Twelve mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie, 1898), culled in South West Africa/Namibia, harboured from 2-4 500 adult Cylicostephanus, predo-minantly in the ventral colon. These helminths belong to the genus Cylicostephanus, as defined by Lichtenfels (197 5), and since they cannot be assigned to a known species, they are designated Cyli-costephanus longiconus n. sp. because of their very elongated cylindrical genital cone. Description of Cylicostepbanus Jongiconus n. sp. Type host Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie, 1898) from the Kelpie farm, (22°43' S, 16°43' E); South West Africa/ Namibia. Material examined A total of 20 male and 20 female nematodes were examined in detail and, subsequently, 10 male and 10 female were dissected to determine the number of el-ements of external and internal leaf-crowns. The remain-ing I 0 intact males and 10 intact females have been deposited in the Onderstepoort Helminthological Collec-tion (No. T 2161 and T 2162). Description The principal measurements are listed in Table I. The worms are of medium size, and slender. The mouth collar is high, lateral papillae inconspicuous and submedian papillae prominent with very long tips. The walls of the buccal capsule are wider anteriorly than posteriorly (Fig. 1). The external leaf-crown consists of 13-16 elements which are long and petal-like, while the internal leaf-crown consists of 19-23 elements which are short and rounded. These originate posterior to the ante-rior margin of the buccal capsule wall (Fig. 2. a,b). When viewed dorsally, the dorsal gutter is higher than the dorsal tooth (Fig. 3). The oesophageal funnel is well-developed and sclerotized, with I large dorsal tooth and 2 smafler subventral teeth. The oesophagus is long, the nerve ring distinct and situated in the middle of the oeso-phagus. The excretory pore is immediately posterior to the cervical papillae, from 232-471 JLm from the base of the buccal capsule. The dorsal lobe of the male bursa is of moderate length (Fig. 4). The dorsal ray is divided throughout its length and about halfway along its len~h it gives rise to an accessory branch which is bifid, distally. The exter-nodorsal ray is thicker than the lateral and ventral rays. The posterolateral arises separately while the medio- and externolaterals originate together. The mediolateral is longer than the postero- and externolaterals. The ventral rays are fused to~ether for most of their length but are separate at their tips. The genital cone and dermal collar of the bursa are well-developed, both being very long TABLE I Principal measurements of 20 males and 20 females of Cylicostephanus /ongiconus n. sp. (all measurements in JLm , unless otherwise stated) Total length (mm) Width Head width Buccal capsule: Depth Width No. of elements: External leaf-crown* Internal leaf-crown* Oesophagus: Length Width Distance of excretory pore from base of buccal capsule Dorsal ray: Length Genital cone: Length Width Spicule length (mm) Distance from anus to tip of tail Distance from vulva to tip of tail Egg: Length Width * Counted in I 0 males and I 0 females 0'X = Mean !2> S. D. = Standard deviation Received 18 April 1983-Editor Male Range xo> 8,19-10,4 9,19 ± 324--468 388,8 ± 85-116 100,4 ± 18-21 19,5 ± 42- 50 43,7 ± 13-16 14,6 ± 20-23 21 ,I ± 396-507 441,6 ± 126-162 136,8 ± 232-379 315 ± 428- 571 490 ± 270-594 392 ± 100-228 142 ± 0,99- 1,26 1, 11 ± ------- -169 Female S.Dm Range xo> S.Dm 0,72 8.2-12,6 9,92 ± 1,27 29,43 432--{) 12 507,6 ± 46,94 26,7 108-162 132 ± 16,31 1,53 43--{)2 53,8 ± 2,96 1,89 18- 28 21,6 ± 3,82 0,97 13-16 14,1 ± 1,10 I ,33 19-23 21,2 ± 1,32 27,18 486--{)28 517 ± 37,54 10,29 142-198 163 ± 16,92 36,0 265--471 347 ± 47,5 49,96 - - -80,12 - - -35,6 - - -0,07 - - -- 107- 198 149 ± 20.26 - 214-378 285 ± 46,98 - 107- 128 115 ± 7,49 -42--{)4 53 ±""' 7.07 STUDIES ON THE PARASITES OF ZEBRA II and cylindrical in shape (Fig. 5). Located on each side of the tip of the genital cone are rounded, semicircular ap-pendages. The spicules are equal in length with pick-shaped tips. The female tail tapers to a point with a slight ventral prominence (Fig. 6). The distance of the anus and the vulva from the tip of the tail is 107-198 I'm and 214-378 I'm respectively. The vagina is moderate in length, the ovejectors being paired. The pars ejectrix has a powerful sphincter and is approximately equal in E :t 8 LO FIG. I Anterior extremity of Cylicostephanus longiconus, medic-lateral view E :t 0 1il FIG. 3 Anterior extremity of Cylicostephanus /ongiconus, dorsal view length to the pars haustrix which contains the greatest numbers of eggs (Fig. 7). The eggs are large, measuring 107-128 I'm long and 42-64 I'm wide. DISCUSSION The species of Cylicostephanus are: C. calicatus Looss, 1900; C. pocu/atus Looss, 1900; C. minutus Yorke & Mac fie , 1918; C. lon_sibursatus Yorke & Mac-fie, 1918; C. asymetricus Theiler, 1913; C. bidentatus, Ihle, 1925; C. hybridus Kotlan, 1920; C. goldi Bou-lenger, 1917; C. ornatus Kotlan, 1919; and C. skrjabini Erschow, 1930. FIG. 2a En face view of Cylicostephanus longiconus, elements of external leaf-crown: HE x 400 2b En face view of Cylicostephanus longiconus, elements of internal leaf-crown: HE x 400 170 FIG. 4 Posterior extremity of Cy/icostephanus /ongiconus (male), lateral view E ::1. g FIG. 5 Cy/icostephanus /ongiconus, genital cone of male C. longiconus differs from C. bidentatus, C. goldi, C. asymetricus and C. longibursatus in having a long and well-developed genital cone, 3 teeth in the oesophageal funnel and the very long tips of the submedian papillae. It may be differentiated from C. bidentatus by the shape of the walls of the buccal capsule and the yresence of teeth in the oesophageal funnel. The walls o the buccal capsule of C. bidentatus are short and thick anteriorly, 171 ROSINA C. SCIALDO-KRECEK while those of C. longiconus are longer and more slender. In C. bidentatus there are 1 small dorsal tooth and 2 small subventral teeth. This new species is characterized by: (1) the long, well-developed genital cone, (2) the posi-tion of the teeth in the oesophageal funnel and (3) the very long tips of the submedian papillae. FIG. 6 Posterior extremity of Cylicostephanus longiconus (female) ~I FIG. 7 Genital tract of Cylicostephanus /ongiconus (female) STUDIES ON THE PARASITES OF ZEBRA II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express her thanks to Mr and Mrs Ems van der Merwe for their co-operation in making available the zebra on their farm; to the Department of Agriculture and Nature Conservation of SW A/Namibia for their co-operation; to Dr H. C. Biggs for his assis-tance in the collection of the specimens; to Mr T. E. Scialdo-Krecek for his assistance with the drawings; to Dr Anna Verster for helpful comments regarding this manuscript; to Mrs M.S. Lombard for her translations of Ihle (1925) and Looss (1900) from German into English; to the Endrooy-Younga family for translating Kotllin (1919) from Hungarian into English and to Mr Istvan Pajor for translating Kotlan (1920) from Hungarian into English; to Dr J. Ralph Lichtenfels for his comments and opinion regarding specimens of C. longiconus, to Mmes V. Kaber and M. S. Lombard for typing the manuscript; and to Mrs Heleen Smit for printing the photos in Fig. 2. REFERENCES BOULENGER, C. L. , 1917. Sclerostome parasites of the horse in England. II. New species of the genus Cylichnostomum. Parasito-logy, 9, 203-212. .IRSCHOW, W. S. , 1930. Trichonema skrjabini n. sp. Eine neue Nematodenart bei dem Pferde. Deutsche Tieriirztliche Wochen-schrift, 38, 277-279. IHLE, J. E. W ., 1925. Verzeichnis der Cylicostomum-Arten der Equi-den, mit Bemerkungen iiber einzelne Spezies. Zentralblatt for Bak-teriologie, Parasitenkuruie urui Jnfektions-Krankheiten, 95 , 227-236. KOTLAN, S., 1919. A hazai lovakban elofordul6 Sclerostomidak, Kiilonos tekintettel a Cylicostomum-genusra: Die in ungarischen Pferden vorkommenden Sclerostomiden mit besonderer Riicksicht auf das Genus Cylicostomum. Kozlemenyek az osszehasonlito elet-es Kortan Korebol, 15, 81-96 (Reprint pp. 1-19). KOTLAN, S., 1920a. Adatok a lovakban, eloskooo strongylidak is,me-retehez. Nebany uj Cylicostomum-faj lovak vastagbelebol. Al/a-torvosi Lapok, 43 (11-12) , p. 71. KOTLAN, S., 1920b. Adatok a lovakban, eloskooo strongylidak is.me-retehez. Nehany uj Cylicostomum-faj lovak vastagbelebol. Alla-torvosi Lapok, 43 (13-14), 85--86. LICHTENFELS, J. R., 1975. Helminths of domestic equids. Illus-trated keys to genera and species with emphasis on North American forms . Proceedings of the Helminthological Society ofWashtngton, 42, Special issue p. 92. LOOSS, A., 1900a. Notizen zur Helminthologie Egyptens. III . Die Sclerostomen der Pferde und Esel in Egypten. Zentralblatt for Bak-teriologie, Parasitenkuruie und Jnjektwns-Krankhellen, 27, 150--160. LOOSS, A. , 1900b. Notizen zur Helminthologie Egyptens. III. Die Sclerostomen der Pferde und Esel in Egypten. Zenrralblatt for Bak-teriologie, Parasitenkunde und Jnfektions-Krankheiten, 27, 184-192. THEILER GERTRUD, 1923. The strongylid and other nematodes parasiti~ in the intestinal tract of South African equines. Report of the Director of Veterinary Education and Research, Umon of South Africa, 9/10, 601-773. YORKE, W. & MACFIE, J . W. S. , 1918. Strongylidae in horses. II. Cylicostomum minutum sp. n. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Para-sitology, II , 405-409. Printed by and obtainable from the Goverment Printer, Private Bag X85 , Pretoria, 0001 172 

Studies on the parasites of zebra. II. Cylicostephanus longiconus n. sp. (Nematoda: Strongylidae) from the mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie , 1898)

https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/2263/50553/1/26scialdo1983.pdf

Studies on the parasites of zebra. II. Cylicostephanus longiconus n. sp. (Nematoda: Strongylidae) from the mountain zebra, Equus zebra hartmannae (Matschie , 1898)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

UPSpace at the University of Pretoria