Since the first appearance of Fusarium circinatum in South Africa in 1990, foresters have been challenged with poor field survival
of seedlings at establishment. One of the best long-term solutions is to improve the genetic tolerance of Pinus patula to infection
by the pathogen. Currently, large numbers of families are routinely screened for their tolerance to F. circinatum by infecting
open-pollinated seedlings from orchard clones in a greenhouse and assess-ing lesion development. In this study, nine-year-old
P. patula trees from 96 families were inoculated with F. circina-tum in the field. Their levels of tolerance were assessed and
compared to those observed in seedlings originating from seed harvested from the same trees. The field results were also
compared with those from previous greenhouse screening trials where seedlings from a number of the same families had been
inoculated with F. circinatum. The results showed that there was a strong phenotypic (r = 0.71) and genetic (rg = 0.94) correlation
in the performance of the families common in both the greenhouse studies. A comparison of the tolerance of the families, screened
as both seedlings and as trees, was also meaningful (r = 0.40). Furthermore, the seedlings raised from seeds collected from the
infected P. patula trees, that ranked more tolerant than the mean of the P. elliottii trees, were similar in tolerance to P. elliottii
seedlings in the greenhouse trial. Our results indicate that utilising seedlings from clones known to be tolerant should improve
the tolerance of mature trees to infection by F. circinatum.Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP)http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tsfs202015-06-30hb201
