In an era of increasing competition in financial services, financial institutions are spending
more resources on broadening the array and reducing the price of products offered to
clients. This also applies to broking houses, which have a vital interest in reducing costs
associated with the execution of their clients’ orders.
This paper presents a technique that aims to reduce the execution risk of VWAP (Volume
Weighted Average Price) orders, which are orders to buy or sell a certain amount of a
stock during the specified period at the VWAP. VWAP is calculated by dividing the value
of trades by the volume over a specified period
