Refractоry anomalies on preschool children in Stip

Abstract

Introduction: The refractive anomalies are the most common vision disorders that affect children. For pre-school children, amblypia and the amblyogenic risk factors, like strabismus and significant refractive errors are the most prevalent and most significant vision disorders. The early diagnosis of these disorders allows for an intervention at a time in which treatment and further development prevention are highly possible. Patients and methods: In a period between January 15th and April 15th in 2016, within the screening program for vision disorders at pre-school children in Shtip, 890 children were examined during their stay at kinder garden. The screening was done with a 2WIN mobile binocular refractometer intended for detecting refractive errors, vision anomalies and measuring pupil parameters. Purpose: The goal of this study is to determining the prevalence of vision disorders at pre-school children in Shtip, identifying, early diagnosis and treatment of the vision disorders and also determining the need and benefit of regular pre-school screening program for vision disorders. Results: Abnormalities of the measured parameters are detected within 45.17% of the examined children. Refractive anomalies are detected within 13.37% of all children. 0.56% of all have hyperopia, 1.46% have myopia and 12.13% have astigmatism. Anisometropia >1D was detected within 2.47%, while gaze deviation >4.6° was detected within 34.46%. Conclusion: The screening of pre-school children allowed for an early diagnosis and treatment of refractive errors and ambliogenic factors. With early treatment, amblyopia can be prevented, the life quality can be improved and better academic achievments can be made. Keywords: epidemiology, Shtip, pre-school age, refractive anomalies, screenin