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Temperature of spring water in Polonina Wetlinska massif

Abstract

The temperature of spring water reflects recharge condition, depth, and circulation time of supplying with ground water. The aim of the study was to characterize spring water temperature in Polonina Wetlinska massif and to determine the factors controlling its spatial diversity and seasonal changes. The data from field mapping in 2010 and 2011 were used along with data collected in 2012-14 by automatic data logger. Neither regularity in spatial diversity of spring water temperature was identified nor was relation with elevation and slope exposition. On the other hand a dependency between spring water temperature and type of outflow (rheocrene/bog springs) was observed, which was controlled by the heating process of groundwater in spring niche. The same mechanism controlled the higher temperature of water in springs of low discharge than observed in the most abundant ones. The temperature of monitored spring were stable throughout the year - the annual amplitude did not exceed 2^{\circ}C. Two types of thermal regime were identified

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