U radu je publikovana stela London, BM 1679. Darovna formula (raspored elemenata, epigrafske karakteristike), ikonografski elementi i onomastika ukazuju na to da spomenik pripada periodu poznog Srednjeg carstva. Stela je verovatno deo porodične votivne kapele, kakve su često podizane u Abidosu u vreme Srednjeg carstva, na šta ukazuje rekonstruisana genealogija ženskih članova porodice neimenovanog dostojanstvenika.Publication of an element of a Middle Kingdom Stela-Chapel London, BM EA 1679, including comments on the style, iconography, paleography, and dating criteria

Satzinger, Helmut

Stefanović, Danijela

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UDC 2-138(32)Helmut SatzingerDanijela StefanoviãOFFERINGS FOR THE KAS OF SIX LADIES(BRITISH MUSEUM STELA NO. 1679)ABSTRACT: Publication of an element of a Middle Kingdom stela-cha-pel London, BM EA 1679, including comments on the style, iconography,paleography, and dating criteria.KEYWORDS: London, BM 1679; stela; Middle Kingdom; offering for-mulaUpright rectangular limestone slab (33 x 79,5 cm), probably theright element of a stela-chapel.1 The slab is divided into four regi-sters (A, B, C, D). The depicted figures and hieroglyphs are incised.It may be supposed that originally another slab on the left, and per-haps even another one on the right, continued the scene and inscrip-tion, in both directions.Register A displays a man, perhaps a servant, driving a bul-lock.2Register B displays a standing male figure (facing left) in frontof an offering table which is highly piled with various types offood. Under the table there are two big baskets with undefinablecontents. The man wears short hair which leaves the ear uncovered,271 See ANOC 57 (Hermitage 1063; Hermitage 1064; Hermitage 1075) andANOC 52 (Louvre C 16; Louvre C 17; Louvre C 18).2 Compare with Brooklyn Museum of Art, 37.1349E (T. G. H. James, Cor-pus of Hieroglyphic Inscriptions in The Brooklyn Museum I: From Dynasty I to theEnd of Dynasty XVIII, Brooklyn 1971, 45—6 [104c] pl. lxxxviii [as possibly evenearly Dyn. XVIII]); Cairo, CG 20725 (ANOC 48/1); Louvre C 17 (ANOC 52/2).and a knee-length kilt with a girdle. He is holding a lotus blossomin his right hand, and conical loaves of bread in his left.Behind the scene, there are two lines of inscription, writtenfrom left to right, with an offering-formula on behalf of the personsmentioned in the lower part of the slab.(1)(2)1) Htp di nswa ptH-skr di=f prt-xrw t Hnqt kAw Apdw sS mnxt2) snTr mrHt nbt nfrt wabt anx.ti nTr im1) A boon which the King has given to/and3 Ptah-Sokar, thathe may give invocation offerings of bread and beer, cattleand fowl, alabaster and clothing,2) incense and oil, and all good and pure things on which agod may live.Register C displays the kneeling figures of three women facingleft, each with one hand extended over the leg, the other one held tothe chest. They wear long tripartite wigs, close-fitting dresses, andbroad necklaces. Their hair-dress is exceptional.4Above the scene, there is an inscription, which also serves as acaption for the persons depicted.283 See H. Satzinger, Beobachtungen zur Opferformel: Theorie and Praxis, Lin-gua Aegyptia 5, 177—88; D. Franke, The Middle Kingdom Offering Formulas —A Challenge, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 89, 2003, 45—50.4 Compare with hair-dress of Bersheh princesses (W. S. Smith, Paintings ofthe Egyptian Middle Kingdom at Bersha, American Journal of Archaeology 55/4,1951, 323, fig. 1 [321—332]).3) nb sAt=f Abt-jb(=j?)c jrt.n ptHjd — n kA=s3) for his daughter Abt-jb(=j?), born of ptHj — for her ka4) n sAt=f rn=s-snbe jrt.n Hr-m-Hbf — n kA=s4) for his daughter rn=s-snb, born of Hr-m-Hb — for her ka5) n sAt=f Hr-nxtg jrt.n ptwh — n kA=s5) for his daughter Hr-nxt, born of ptw — for her kaThe appearance of the women in register D is almost identicalexcept that they are holding lotus blossoms up to their noses.6) n nbt pr sAt-xntj-Xtj i jrt.n sAt-Hr-nxt j — n kA=s6) for the mistress of the house sAt-xntj-Xtj, born of sAt-Hr-nxt —for her ka7) n snt=f Hnwtk jrt.n sAt-Hywt-Hrl — n kA=s7) for his sister Hnwt, born of sAt-Hwt-Hr — for her ka8) n snt=f Hr-m-Hb jrt.n sAt-Hwt-Hr — n kA=s8) for his sister Hr-m-Hb, born of sAt-Hwt-Hr — for her kaNotes:a See Satzinger, Lingua Aegyptia 5, 1997, 177—188; Franke,Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 89, 2003, 45ff; D. Franke, TheGood Shepherd Antef (Stela BM EA 1628), Journal of EgyptianArchaeology 93, 2007, 170—171.b We do not know of any other Middle Kingdom example of nplus name and appositional n kA=f/s, “to NN., that is to say tohis/her ka", in particular in the context of the offering formula. No-te, however, in an offering list of the Old Kingdom: [n Zzj] n kA=fASrt mjzt njSm etc., “[For Zezi,] (that is to say) for his Ka: an asche-ret roast, liver, milt, etc". (mastaba of Ankh-ma-hor, east wall of29tomb chamber: N. Kanawati and A. Hassan, The Teti Cemetery atSaqqara Vol II: The Tomb of Ankhmahor, ACE Report 9, 1999, pl.63); and in a scene of slaughtering: jTi jwf n HAt n jwA n xryt tn n Zzj nkA =f, “Take meat of the ox's front part for this animal sacrifice forZezi, (that is to say) for his Ka" (same mastaba, east wall of roomno. 4, lower-most register, 2nd col. from left: Kanawati — Hassan,The Tomb of Ankhmahor, pl. 49).c E. Ranke, Die altägyptischen Personennamen, 2 Bde, Gluck-stadt 1935—1952, I 1.19d Ranke, PN I 142.3e Ranke, PN I 224.1f Ranke, PN I 248.7g Ranke, PN I 249.10h Ranke, PN II 358; (stela Cairo CG 20163, 1),(Louvre C. 6), (Leiden: P. A. A. Boeser, Beschrij-ving van de Egyptische verzameling in het Rijksmuseum van Oudhe-den te Leiden. De monumenten van den tijd tusschen het Oude enhet Middelrijk en van het Middelrijk. Eerste afdeeling: Stèles, Gra-venhage 1909 pl. 35, no. 53, 3rd reg.; Jean Jacques Clère, Notesd'onomastique à propos du dictionnaire des noms de personnes deH. Ranke, Revue d'Égyptologie 3, 1938, 75—80), (CG20261, 5).i Ranke, PN I 292.21j Ranke, PN I 292.3k Ranke, PN I 242.18l Ranke, PN I 291.14With most of the women attested on the stela BM EA 1679,a possessive pronoun refers to a man: three are “his daughter"(Abt-jb(=j?), rn=s-snb, and Hr-nxt), and two are “his sister" (Hnwt andHr-m-Hb), whereas one (sAt-xntj-Xtj) is a “lady of the house", with nopossessive reference. They obviously belong to the same family.Three of the females are daughters, and two are sisters of a manthat is not mentioned by name on this element, and who is probablythe person who commissioned the monument. Sisters and brotherhave the same mother (sAt-Hwt-Hr), while the father is not recorded.The mothers of his daughters (ptHj, Hr-m-Hb, and ptw) are also men-tioned. The nbt pr sAt-xntj-Xtj was perhaps the wife of the man in thetime of monument's commission.30Family tree:The relief slab is obviously part of a larger composition. Thedeity invoked in the offering formula is Ptah-Sokar; the name ofgod Ptah recurs in the name of the lady ptHj, mother of „his daugh-ter Abt-jb(=j?)", and even ptw, the name of the mother of “his daugh-ter Hr-nxt", may by a hypochoristic derived from a name commen-cing with ptH (though the hair determinative would not suit this as-sumption). The name of the god Horus recurs in several names, viz.Hr-m-Hb (probably two persons: “his sister", and the mother of “hisdaughter sn=s-snb"), Hr-nxt, and sAt-Hr-nxt.As the monument represents a whole family, it certainly wasnot part of a real tomb, but rather of an Abydene cenotaph (an“ANOC"). In real tombs, it is only a very restricted number of per-sons — mostly the tomb owner and his wife — who receive offe-rings, whereas Abydos monuments do not know any such limit. Forthis reason the divine names, which are several times represented inthe onomastic material, do not give a clue to the location of the mo-nument; they may, however, be an indication of the home of thefamily.The general shape of the object, the appearance of the figures,5as well as the form of the offering formula, point to a Late MiddleKingdom date. The form of the offering formula suggests a date in315 R. Freed, 'The Development of Middle Kingdom Egyptian Relief SculpturalSchools of Late Dynasty XI with an Appendix on the Trends of Early Dynasty XII(2040—1878 B. C.)' PhD thesis, New York University, Ann Arbor: UMI, 1985,200—201.Dynasty 12 or 13, according to the criteria established by Bennettand Smither, and later refined by Satzinger (for example: the prayerfor the good things on which a god can live precludes any earlierdate, although the spelling of Htp (the t above Htp) is typical for anearliest time. The lack of phonetic components for the Htp sign wasknown and usual from the Dynasty 11 to the Dynasty 13, but un-common from the Dynasty 14 to the Dynasty 20.6The appearance of di.f after the Htp di nsw formula is an indica-tion of late Dynasty 12 (see C. Obsomer, ‘Di.f prt Hrw et la filiationms(t).n/ ir(t).n comme critères de datation dans les textes du MoyenEmpire', in Ch. Cannuyer and J.-M. Kruchten (eds), Individu, so-ciété et spiritualité dans l'Égypte pharaonique et copte: Mélangeségyptologiques offerts au Professeur Aristide Théodorides (Brussels,1993), 163—201, and Satzinger, Lingua Aegyptia 5, 1997, 177—188).Another dating criterium is the transformation in the form ofthe unguent jar which occurred before Dynasty 12. The jarhas the simple shape from the Old Kingdom through Dynasty11. More complicated depictions of the jar with at least one or twoties next to the seal and sometimes cloth strips down the neck andaround the body of the jar occur at some point before Dynasty 12.7Helmut SatzingerUniversity of ViennaInstitute of EgyptologyDanijela StefanoviãUniversity of BelgradeDepartment of History326 See P. C. Smither, The Writing of HTP-D'I-NSW in the Middle and NewKingdoms, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 25, 1939, 34 and W. Barta, Aufbauund Bedeutung der altägyptischen Opferformel. Ägyptologische Forschungen 24,Glückstadt 1968, 72, 81, 85, 107, 139, 162.7 D. B. Spanel, Paleographic and Epigraphic Distinctions between Texts of thSo-called First Intermediate Period and the Early Twelfth Dynasty, in: Studies inHonor of William Kelly Simpson, Boston 1996, 770, n. 18.33Fig. 1 London, BM EA 1679© Trustees of the British MuseumHelmut ZacingerDanijela StefanoviãPONUDE ZA KA ŠEST DAMA(STELA BRITANSKI MUZEJ BR. 1679)RezimeU radu je publikovana stela London, BM 1679. Darovna formu-la (raspored elemenata, epigrafske karakteristike), ikonografskielementi i onomastika ukazuju na to da spomenik pripada periodupoznog Sredweg carstva. Stela je verovatno deo porodiåne votivnekapele, kakve su åesto podizane u Abidosu u vreme Sredweg carstva,na šta ukazuje rekonstruisana genealogija ÿenskih ålanova porodi-ce neimenovanog dostojanstvenika.34

Offerings for the KAS of six ladies: British Museum Stela No. 1679

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Offerings for the KAS of six ladies: British Museum Stela No. 1679

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