A new species of nemacheilid fish, Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is

described from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey. The species differs

from its congeners in the combination of the following characters: flank yellowish

brown or pale gray with irregular spot; cheeks with numerous tiny spots; lacking

scale; thinner caudal peduncle; complete lateral line; 4 central and 4 lateral pores in

the supra-temporal canal; lower lip thick with a deep median interruption and

marked furrows and small median incision in upper lip

Eagderi, Soheil

Jalili, Paria

Sungur, Sevil

English

Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University Institutional Repository (DSpace@NEVU)

 375  Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2017), 4(4): 375-383                          Received: September 08, 2017 © 2017 Iranian Society of Ichthyology                            Accepted: December 16, 2017 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964                                          doi: 10.22034/iji.v4i4.258 http://www.ijichthyol.org Research Article  Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, new nemacheilid species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey  Sevil SUNGUR1, Paria JALILI2, Soheil EAGDERI*2  1Vocational School of Health Services, Nevsehir Hacı Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey. 2Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. *Email: soheil.eagderi@ut.ac.ir      Abstract: A new species of nemacheilid fish, Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is described from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey. The species differs from its congeners in the combination of the following characters: flank yellowish brown or pale gray with irregular spot; cheeks with numerous tiny spots; lacking scale; thinner caudal peduncle; complete lateral line; 4 central and 4 lateral pores in the supra-temporal canal; lower lip thick with a deep median interruption and marked furrows and small median incision in upper lip. Keywords: Freshwater fish, Taxonomy, Morphology, Loach. Citation: Sungur, S.; Jalili, P. & Eagderi, S. 2017. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, new nemacheilid species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey.  Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 4(4): 375-383. Zoobank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FCC5C7C8-68ED-4167-BFDF-795A55F28930                    urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC67C659-E0F4-47CE-92F4-713E471120B8   Introduction Stone loaches of the family Nemacheilidae, are small fishes occurring in fresh waters of Asia, Europe, and northeast Africa (Nelson et al. 2016; Coad 2017). Due to small size and low economic value, they are poorly known group of freshwater fishes (Kottelat 2012; Mafakheri et al. 2015a) and their taxonomic status is still complicated (Prokofiev 2009, 2010; Sayyadzadeh et al. 2016, 2017). They inhabit a variety of water bodies from turbulent mountain streams to salty rivers in dry lowlands (Mafakheri et al. 2015a, b, 2016). The family Nemacheilidae has about 48 genera and more than 661 species (Freyhof et al. 2015; Nelson et al. 2016), with more expected to be described (Geiger et al. 2014; Freyhof & Geiger 2017). They have a great diversity in Turkish inland waters, with about 35 reported species belonging to the six genera, including Barbatula, Oxynoe-macheilus, Paracobitis, Schistura, Seminemacheilus and Turcinoemacheilus (Çiçek et al. 2015). Stoumboudi et al. (2006) and Prokofiev (2009) placed the most nemacheilid loaches from Eastern Europe and the Middle East in the genus Oxynoemacheilus (Freyhof et al. 2011). A recent study on the spatial heterogeneity of freshwater fishes in the Mediterranean revealed that some populations of this genus were not identified as any described species (Geiger et al. 2014). Among them, the population of Sultan Marshes which is an isolated part of Kızılırmak basin, is an unrecognized candidate species. Hence, this study aimed to describe an additional species of the genus Oxynoemacheilus collected from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey based on differences found.  Materials and Methods The specimens were collected by an electrofishing   376 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2017), 4(4): 375-383 device. After anaesthesia, fishes were fixed in 5% formaldehyde and stored in 70% ethanol after 48 hours. Measurements follow Kottelat & Freyhof (2007) (Table 1). Standard length (SL) is measured from the tip of the snout to the end of the hypural complex. The length of the caudal peduncle is measured from behind the base of the last anal-fin ray to the end of the hypural complex, at mid-height of the caudal-fin base. The last two branched rays articulating on a single pterygiophore in the dorsal and anal fins are noted as “1½”. Measurements were made using a digital caliper to the nearest 0.1 mm.  Abbreviations used: SL, standard length; HL, lateral head length; IMNRFI-UT, Ichtyological Museum of Natural Resources Faculty, University of Tehran; NHVUIC, Ichthyology Collections of Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey.  Results Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. (Figs. 1-5)  Holotype: NHVUIC 2017-03-15-h, 52.3mm SL; Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh, 38°23'23.53"N 35°21'54.52"E, E. Çiçek, S. Eagderi & S. Sungur Birecikligil, 15 March 2017. Paratypes: NHVUIC 2017-03-16, 15, 41.8-52.0mm SL; data same as holotype.—IMNRF-UT-1036, 5, 48.4-58.3mm SL; data same as holotype. Diagnosis: Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is distin-guished from the other species of Oxynoemacheilus in the Kızılırmak basin by a combination of characters, none of them unique. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is distinguished from O. angorae by having flank yellowish brown or pale gray with irregular spots (vs. yellowish with a mid-lateral row of horizontally elongated fused blotches), cheeks with numerous tiny spots (vs. without pigmentation), without scale (vs. scaled), shorter pelvic fin (11.3-13.6 vs. 14.9-17.0 %SL), lower mouth width (16.0-22.0 vs. 20.6-26.7 %HL). Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is distinguished from O. kosswigi by having flank yellowish brown or pale gray with irregular spots (vs. with irregular vertical elongated blotches, sometimes fused in lateral line), without scale (vs. scaled), without adipose crest (vs. having a short and shallow dorsal and ventral adipose crest), lower caudal peduncle (8.4-10.7 vs. 10.9-14.4 %SL), thinner head (47.3-62.0 vs. 64.0-71.0 %SL), shorter inter-orbital distance (20.2-24.6 vs. 27.0-30.3 %HL), shorter inter-nasal distance (15.4-20.4 vs. 23.7-28.6 %HL). Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is distinguished from O. samanticus by having flank yellowish brown or pale gray with irregular spots (vs. flank with prominent bars on posterior half of body, particularly behind dorsal-fin origin), without scale (vs. scaled), deeper caudal peduncle (8.4-10.7 vs. 6.6-8.2 %SL), longer post-dorsal distance (39.3-44.5 vs. 32.1-39.0 %SL), shorter pelvic fin (11.3-13.6 vs. 16.2-19.0 %SL), less maximum caudal peduncle width (4.3-6.5 vs. 6.7-7.9 %SL). Description: For general appearance see Figures 1-5; morphometric characters are provided in Table 1. Small sized species with pointed or rounded snout. Fig.1. Uncatalogued live specimen of Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n., Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh.    377 Sungur et al. - Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, a new nemacheilid species from Turkey Head flattened on ventral surface. Mouth arched. Upper lip with a small median incision and shallow furrows, and lower lip thick with a deep median interruption and marked furrows. Inner rostral barbel reaching (or not reaching) to base of maxillary barbel. Outer one reaching vertical to anterior edge of eye (sometimes pass it), maxillary barbel reaching vertical to the posterior margin of eye (pass it in some specimens). Four central and four lateral pores in the supra-temporal canal. Anterior half of body convex from snout to anterior base of dorsal fin. Widest part of body in the front of dorsal fin origin. Pelvic fin origin below second or third branched rays of dorsal fin, not reaching to anus. Pelvic fin without axillary lobe or with a small axillary lobe in some specimens (n=4). Anal fin origin at the middle distance between insertion of dorsal fin base and caudal fin origin. Margin of dorsal and anal fins straight. Caudal peduncle compressed laterally, 1.1-2.2 (mean 1.9) times longer than deep. Caudal fin emarginated.  Body without scales and in some parts with tiny unculi. Lateral line complete, reaching to caudal fin. Dorsal fin with 4 unbranched and 7½ branched rays, anal fin with 3 unbranched and 5½ branched rays, pectoral fin with 10-11 branched rays, pelvic fin with 7-8 branched rays and caudal fin with 10+9 or 9+9 rays. Longest known specimen 58.3mm SL. Coloration: Flank yellowish-brown (in specimens fixed in formalin) or pale gray (in live specimens) with irregular spots from posterior part of opercula to anterior base of caudal fin. 3-6 paired rounded saddles usually fused and make ellipsoid shape on back between anterior origin of dorsal fin to nape and 4-7 saddles between insertions of dorsal fin to caudal fin origin. Head yellowish brown or pale gray sometimes with small blotches on top, cheeks with numerous tiny spots. No pigmentation from tip of snout to anus ventrally. Dorsal fin with tessellated Fig.2. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n., NHVUIC 2017-03-15-h, holotype, 53.2mm SL, Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh.   378 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2017), 4(4): 375-383 pattern on rays (3 bands in most specimens, 4 bands in one specimens). Anal fin without pigment or with brown spots on 3 first rays and rarely on others. Caudal fin with 3 or 4 bands on rays. Pectoral fin with dark brown (in males) or pale brown (in some females) tessellated pattern. Pelvic fin usually with brown pigment on rays and rarely without pigment. Etymology: The new species is named after Prof. Dr. Erdoğan Çiçek, for his valuable contribution to the knowledge of freshwater fishes of Turkey.   Holotype Range Mean           ±SD Standard length (mm) 52.3 41.8 52.0   In percent of standard length      Body depth maximal 17.6 13.1 18.9 16.9 1.6 Caudal peduncle depth 10.3 8.4 10.7 9.9 0.6 Predorsal length 50.5 46.6 50.7 49.2 0.9 Postdorsal length 44.4 39.3 44.5 42.5 1.6 Prepelvic length 52.5 48.2 52.6 50.2 1.3 Preanal length 75.3 71.3 75.4 72.7 1.1 Caudal peduncle length 18.8 18.4 21.1 19.1 2.4 Dorsal-fin base length 11.3 9.5 12.3 11.5 1.9 Dorsal-fin depth 18.2 18.2 20.3 19.3 0.6 Anal-fin base length 7.7 6.3 8.3 7.2 0.6 Anal-fin depth 13.0 11.7 15.5 14.1 1.0 Pectoral fin length 16.7 16.5 22.8 19.2 2.2 Pelvic fin-length 12.0 11.3 13.6 12.5 0.6 Pectoral–pelvic-fin origin distance 28.5 24.1 28.5 26.0 1.0 Pelvic–anal fin origin distance 21.7 20.5 25.1 21.9 1.3 Caudal-fin length 16.1 17.3 19.5 18.2 0.6 Body width 14.3 11.5 15.2 13.4 0.9 Caudal peduncle width maximum 5.7 4.3 6.5 5.6 0.6 Caudal peduncle width minimum 2.1 1.4 3.2 2.2 0.4 Head length  24.1 23.5 26.3 24.5 0.8 In percent of Head length      Snout length 39.1 30.0 41.6 38.0 2.7 Eye horizontal diameter 12.9 12.2 15.9 13.3 2.6 Postorbital distance 48.4 39.0 49.9 45.8 2.7 Head depth at nape 54.2 45.2 61.2 55.2 3.8 Head width 57.9 47.3 62.0 56.6 3.8 Inter Orbital 21.8 20.2 24.6 22.2 1.3 Inter nasal 19.8 15.4 20.4 18.1  1.7 Mouth width 18.7 16.0 22.0 19.3 1.8 Inner rostral barbel 19.1 17.7 21.4 19.5 1.1 Outer rostral barbel 27.9 25.3 33.0 28.2 2.3   Maxillary barbe 30.4 23.3 34.4 28.9 3.0  Table 1. Morphometric data of Oxynoemacheilus ciceki. sp. n. (holotype, NHVUIC 2017-03-15-h; paratypes, NHVUIC 2017-03-16-15, 15 specimens)    379 Sungur et al. - Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, a new nemacheilid species from Turkey Distribution: Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. is knowns only from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province (Fig. 6). This species mostly found slow-flowing parts of streams in the Sultan Marsh. Pseudophoxinus elizavetae, Aphanius marassan-tensis, Seminemacheilus lendlii and Cobitis sp. co-exist in the type locality with Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n. Remarks: Geiger et al. (2014) suggested that species diversity of the genus Oxynoemacheilus in Turkey is underestimated and introduced the population of Sultan Marshes as an unrecognized species. Therefore, we compared DNA sequence data (i.e., DNA barcodes viz. COI data) of our collected specimens from the Sultan Marshes with sequences from NCBI GenBank (KJ553909 and KJ553936) and the results revealed both share the same COI. Material examined: All from Turkey.  Comparative materials: Oxynoemacheilus samanticus: NHVUIC 2017-08-7, 15, 50.8-67.8mm SL; Turkey: Kayseri prov.: stream Zamantı at Pınarbası, Seyhan drainage, 38°44'10.76"N 36°24'46.43"E. Oxynoemacheilus kosswigi: NHVUIC 2017-08-5, 10, 48.3-73.2mm SL; Turkey: Sivas prov.: stream Yıldız, Kizilirmak basin, 39°47'49.06"N 36°45'58.10"E. Oxynoemacheilus angorae: NHVUIC 2014-06-Fig.3. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n., NHVUIC 2017-03-15-h, holotype, 53.2mm SL, Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh.   380 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2017), 4(4): 375-383 1, 14, 39.2-61.9mm SL, Turkey: Nevsehir prov.: Kizilirmak River, Kizilirmak basin, 38°37'45.27''N 34°17'54.47''E.  Fig.4. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n., paratypes; Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh; (A) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-3, 51.4mm SL; (B) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-10, 47.7mm SL; (C) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-12, 42.5mm SL.    381 Sungur et al. - Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, a new nemacheilid species from Turkey  Fig.5. Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n., paratypes; Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh; (A) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-3, 51.4mm SL; (B) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-10, 47.7mm SL; (C) NHVUIC 2017-03-16-12, 42.5mm SL. Fig.6. Turkey: Kayseri prov.: Sultan Marsh; type locality of Oxynoemacheilus ciceki sp. n.   382 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2017), 4(4): 375-383 Acknowledgments We are pleased to thank Council of Higher Education, Project-based Mevlana Exchange Program (MEV-2016-076) and University of Tehran for financial support.  References Coad, B.W. 2017. Freshwater Fishes of Iran. http://www.briancoad.com. Retrieved 10/3/2017. Freyhof, J.; Erk’akan, F.; Özeren, C. & Perdices, A.J. 2011. An overview of the western Palaearctic loach genus Oxynoemacheilus (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 22: 301-312. Freyhof, J. & Geiger, M. 2017. Oxynoemacheilus zarzianus, a new loach from the Lesser Zab River drainage in Iraqi Kurdistan (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). 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(December 2017), 4(4): 375–383                           Received: September 08, 2017       © 2016 Iranian Society of Ichthyology                             Accepted: December 16, 2017 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964                                            doi: 10.22034/iji.v4i4.258 http://www.ijichthyol.org  مقاله پژوهشی سلطان، مرداب از (Oxynoemacheilus ciceki (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae جدید گونه معرفی ترکیه کایسری، استان  2*ایگدری سهیل ،2جلیلی پریا ،1سونگر سویل  .ترکیه نوشهیر، نوشهیر، بکتاش حاجی دانشگاه بهداشتی، خدمات گروه بخش1 .ایران کرج، تهران، دانشگاه طبیعی، منابع دانشکده شیالت، گروه2 . شد معرفی ترکیه کایسری استان در واقع سلطان مرداب از Oxynoemacheilus ciceki ماهیان،لوچ خانواده از جدید گونه یک چکیده: یا زرد به مایل ایقهوه رنگ به پهلوها: است شناسایی قابل زیر صفات داشتن واسطهبه ودخ پیرامونی جنس هم هایگونه سایر از گونه این طرفین، از فشرده دمی ساقه تر،باریک دمیساقه فلس، فاقد ریز، هایلکه دارای گونه نامنظم، و کوچک هایلکه همراه به روشن خاکستری یانی،م بخش در انقطاع یک همراه به پایین لب بودن ضخیم جانبی، مرکز چهار و مرکزی منفذ چهار با گیجگاهی فوق کانال کامل، جانبی خط .باال لب در مشخص کامالً شیارهای و میانی شکاف یک وجود .لوچ شناسی،ریخت شناسی،آرایه شیرین،آب ماهیانکلیدی: کلمات 

Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, new nemacheilid species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey

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Oxynoemacheilus ciceki, new nemacheilid species (Teleostei, Nemacheilidae) from the Sultan Marsh, Kayseri Province, Turkey

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