International law as fuel for climate change litigatio

Maljean-Dubois, Sandrine

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UniCEUB Centro Universitário de Brasília: Publicações Acadêmicas

Editorial BJIL:International law as fuel for climate change litigationSandrine Maljean-DuboisSumárioCrôniCas ........................................................................................................ 14CróniCa revisión de Laudos arbitraLes de inversión 2020: 2º enCuentro anuaL (san-tiago de ChiLe, 07-08/06/2021) .......................................................................................16Ivette Esis Villarroel e Andrés Delgado Casteleiroas medidas CauteLares da Corte internaCionaL de Justiça na Caso entre uCrânia e Fe-deração russa ..................................................................................................................32Lucas Carlos Limathe ChaLLenges FaCed by Women LegaL aCademiCs (PaneL disCussion) ......................39Eshan Dauhoodossiê ............................................................................................................ 41editoriaL bJiL: internationaL LaW as FueL For CLimate Change Litigation ................43Sandrine Maljean-Duboisthe JurisdiCtion oF the internationaL Court oF JustiCe in Cases oF territoriaL dama-ge Caused to states by CLimate Change ..........................................................................46Cristiane Derani e Patricia Grazziotin NoschangLitigânCia CLimátiCa e LiCenCiamento ambientaL: Consideração da variáveL CLimátiCa à Luz dos tratados internaCionais sobre o CLima ..............................................................61Danielle de Andrade Moreira, Carolina de Figueiredo Garrido e Maria Eduarda Segovia Barbosa NevesCambio CLimátiCo y aCCeso a La inFormaCión y PartiCiPaCión ambientaL .......................80Gonzalo Aguilar Cavallo, Cristian Contreras Rojas e Jairo Enrique Lucero Pantojavidas em movimento: os sistemas de Proteção dos direitos humanos Como esPaços de Justiça Para os migrantes CLimátiCos ............................................................................. 104Fernanda de Salles Cavedon-Capdeville e Diogo Andreola SerraglioemergênCia CLimátiCa e direitos humanos: o Caso do Fundo CLima no brasiL e as obrigações de direito internaCionaL .......................................................................... 126Gabrielle Albuquerque, Gabrielle Tabares Fagundez e Roger FabrePersPeCtivas da LitigânCia CLimátiCa em FaCe de emPresas: o Caso miLieudeFensie et aL. vs. royaL dutCh sheLL .................................................................................................. 145Julia Stefanello Pires e Danielle Anne Pamplonathe eFForts to resPond to CLimate Change and imPLementation oF the sustainabLe deveLoPment goaLs (sdgs) From the hardest-aFFeCted Countries: vietnam Case anaLysis ........................................................................................................................... 164Yen Thi Hong Nguyen e Dung Phuong NguyenConstituCionaLismo CLimátiCo Como Fundamento transnaCionaL aos Litígios CLimáti-Cos .................................................................................................................................. 192Délton Winter de Carvalhoartigos sobre outros temas .......................................................................205a agenda 2030: o ComPromisso do brasiL Com a Proteção do Patrimônio CuLturaL e o Combate ao tráFiCo iLíCito de bens CuLturais ..............................................................207Gilmara Benevides C. S. DamascenobioeConomy and the nagoya ProtoCoL .......................................................................223Danielle Mendes Thame Dennythe inCLusion oF the digitaL sequenCe inFormation (dsi) in the sCoPe oF the na-goya ProtoCoL and its ConsequenCes ........................................................................... 241Aírton Guilherme Berger Filho e Bruna Gomes MaiaPoLitiCaL eConomy oF smart Cities and the human rights: From CorPorative teChno-CraCy to sensibiLity .......................................................................................................258Norberto Milton Paiva Knebel, Mateus de Oliveira Fornasier e Gustavo Silveira Borgesos imPaCtos eConômiCos Positivos da migração na euroPa: a oPortunidade que não Pode ser Perdida ............................................................................................................275Norberto Milton Paiva Knebel, Mateus de Oliveira Fornasier e Gustavo Silveira BorgeseL dereCho humano a La identidad CuLturaL de Los migrantes, Fuentes internaCiona-Les y reCePCión en ChiLe ...............................................................................................289Glorimar Leon Silva e Juan Jorge Faundes Peñafielo monitoramento e FisCaLização do CumPrimento das sentenças da Corte interameri-Cana de direitos humanos e a reLação heterárquiCa entre o direito internaCionaL e o direito brasiLeiro ...................................................................................................... 319Thiago Carvalho BorgesaPPLiCation oF artiCLe 5 oF the eChr to the detention oF a Person Who has Com-mitted a CriminaL oFFense .............................................................................................336Vitalii A. Zavhorodnii, Oksana Orel, Galyna Muliar, Olga I. Kotlyar e Volodymyr Zarosyloo banCo mundiaL Frente ao ConstituCionaLismo transFormador Latino-ameriCano: Panorama geraL e Passos ConCretos ..............................................................................354Armin Von Bogdandy e Ebert FranzsuPrema Corte dos estados unidos: Lições do ano JudiCiário de 2019-2020 e uma breve homenagem a ruth bader ginsburgh ..........................................................................380João Carlos Souto e Patrícia Perrone Campos Mellorevisão JudiCiaL abusiva e a atuação do suPremo tribunaL FederaL nas adPFs entre março de 2020 e Fevereiro de 2021 ................................................................................400Carina Barbosa Gouvêa e Pedro H. Villas Bôas Castelo Brancoo PrinCíPio das naCionaLidades no banCo de Provas da CiênCia do direito internaCio-naL brasiLeira: ConFrontos aCerCa da teoria de PasquaLe stanisLao manCini no novo Continente .................................................................................................................... 421Arno Dal Ri Juniordoi: 10.5102/rdi.v19i1.8450 Editorial BJIL: International law as fuel for climate change litigation*Sandrine Maljean-Dubois**As dramatically shown by the last IPCC Working Group III report,1 cli-mate change is a serious and urgent global threat that calls for profound changes in our societies. It constitutes a challenge for our legal systems, revealing their inadequacy to deal with such a vital issue. Climate change exemplifies and accelerates changes in the ways in which the law is made and applied in a globalised context. For all these reasons, climate change undou-btedly constitutes a good “laboratory” for governance, seeing as it requires permanent interaction between States, international organisations, non-state actors, businesses, experts, and citizens. In order to be powerful, these for-ces must push in the same direction and thus, at the very least, coordinate their actions through vertical and horizontal interactions.2From this point of  view, the slowness and lack of  ambition of  climate policies have led, in recent years, to the development of  climate litigation. Almost 2,400 climate-related lawsuits have been tried or are pending, and this number is still growing.3 Various States in the North and South have already been ruled against by national courts because of  the inadequacy of  their action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and litigation is multiplying throughout the world. Legal action has also been brought by towns, cities, NGOs, groups of  citizens (American children from Our Children’s Trust, Swiss senior women, a law student from New-Zealand...) against major cor-porations whose activities are allegedly causing global warming. Globalised and transnational, these proceedings in some respects break down national borders.4 Faced with what is perceived as a failure on the part of  public authorities and companies, the law is increasingly relied on and used as a “weapon” to serve various objectives: to encourage public authorities or companies to take stronger measures to mitigate climate change, to imple-ment more ambitious policies, to obtain compensation for damage suffered, to stop a project that emits large quantities of  greenhouse gas, etc.  Here, the international climate regime is likely to make a contribution the magnitude of  which was somewhat unexpected. Indeed, the Paris Agree-ment, which was adopted on 12 December 2015 and quickly entered into force, and which now counts 193 Parties, is a relatively flexible treaty, leaving a very wide discretion to States as to its implementation. However, the way it was designed, and even though its provisions have no or little direct effect, the Agreement increases the pressure on States, including, and perhaps most importantly, at the domestic level. Little by little, we see how the Paris Agreement, thanks to the involvement of  civil society, has provided fuel 1 IPCC, Summary for Policymakers, IPCC AR6 WG III, SPM-1, Working Group III Contri-bution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) (last accessed on 7 April 2022).2 Mireille Delmas-Marty, Aux quatre vents du monde, Seuil, Paris, 2016, p.120. 3 See the Sabin Center Climate Change Litigation databases http://climatecasechart.com/climate-change-litigation/ (last accessed on 7 April 2022). 4 See for instance Roxana Baldrich, “Litigating for climate justice,” Ecologist, 12 October 2021. * Recebido em 13/04/2022  Aprovado em 13/04/2022** CNRS Research Director. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR DICE, CERIC (France).E-mail: maljean.dubois@gmail.comMALJEAN-DUBOIS, Sandrine. Editorial BJIL: International law as fuel for climate change litigation. Revista de Direito Internacional, Brasília, v. 19, n. 1, p. 43-45, 2022.45for climate litigation in a decisive manner and offered national courts the opportunity to position themselves as key players in climate governance. However, the Pa-ris agreement and international climate law are not the only tools being mobilised. The rules of  the internatio-nal climate regime are combined both with general rules (such as customary obligations of  due diligence) and with other specific rules. The combination of  interna-tional climate law rules and international human rights law rules is, for instance, increasingly – and successfully – invoked. Human rights courts and treaty bodies such as the United Nations Committee on the Rights of  the Child or the European Court of  Human Rights are also asked to read the States’ obligations regarding the protection of  human rights in the light of  their climate obligations. An interstate dispute may even arise tomor-row before the International Tribunal for the Law of  the Sea or the International Court of  Justice. Although not all cases are successful, and even if, in climate trials, international law is rarely applied directly, claimants and judges often show great creativity. The IPCC recognizes that, with a large number of  cases in some developed countries, and with a much smaller number in some de-veloping countries, it has, in some cases, influenced the outcome and ambition of  climate governance.5 Without addressing all aspects of  this widespread phenomenon, this special issue of  the Brazilian Journal of  Internatio-nal Law offers a timely overview of  the wide range of  cases, from the emblematic ones to the less well-known, and of  the diversity of  courts and tribunals’ contribu-tions all over the world.5 IPCC, Summary for Policymakers, IPCC AR6 WG III, SPM-1, Working Group III Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Re-port (AR6) (last accessed on 7 April 2022). Para publicar na Revista de Direito Internacional, acesse o endereço eletrônicowww.rdi.uniceub.br ou www.brazilianjournal.org.Observe as normas de publicação, para facilitar e agilizar o trabalho de edição.

International law as fuel for climate change litigation

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International law as fuel for climate change litigation

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