The paper analyzes the evolution after 1990 of the areas occupied by categories of agricultural use, in the NW and SW development regions of Romania. The areas occupied by agricultural land had similar evolutions, with some small exceptions, due primarily to the predominant landforms in the two analyzed development regions. The data are incomplete, waiting for the conclusion of the National Cadastre and Land Book Program 2015-2023

M., MILUŢ

M., VANGU

N., POP

P., SĂVESCU

S., Pop,

English

Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series

Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  366  THE EVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL SURFACES, BY USE CATEGORIES, IN THE SW AND NW REGIONS OF ROMANIA  MILUȚ M.1, POP N.2, Pop, S.3,  VANGU M.1,SĂVESCU P.1 1University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy 2University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca   3Tehnical University of Cluj Napoca, Faculty of Civil Engineering  Keywords: categories of use, area, agricultural land   ABSTRACT The paper analyzes the evolution after 1990 of the areas occupied by categories of agricultural use, in the NW and SW development regions of Romania. The areas occupied by agricultural land had similar evolutions, with some small exceptions, due primarily to the predominant landforms in the two analyzed development regions. The data are incomplete, waiting for the conclusion of the National Cadastre and Land Book Program 2015-2023.  INTRODUCTION    As it is known, the land fund of Romania is divided into two main categories: agricultural lands and non-agricultural lands, each of them having several categories and subcategories of use (Călina A.,). The National Institute of Statistics realizes a centralization of the annual data with the surfaces according to the way of their use, on each locality, county, development region and the total on the country. For this paper, the data recorded after 1990 in the NV and SV Oltenia regions were studied.     MATERIAL AND METHOD  The paper presents the evolution of the areas occupied by categories of agricultural use, after 1990 in the developing regions NV and SV. The data were published by the National Institute of Statistics in the Statistical Yearbook of Romania. The two regions were studied because the team that contributed to this work belongs to the universities from Craiova and Cluj-Npoca. The year 1990 is taken as a reference, and for an overview, are presented the values of the surfaces for each category of agricultural use from 5 to 5 years, until 2014 because National Institute of Statistics will no longer publish data regarding the areas occupied by categories of use until the end of the introduction of the cadastre on the Romanian territory. Data were analyzed regarding the 5 categories of agricultural land, namely: arable land, pastures, hayfields, vineyards and orchards.  RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS  The total agricultural area of the NW region ranged between a maximum of 2069766 ha in 2010 and a minimum of 2100834 ha in 2000, out of the total of 3416046 ha of the region. For the SV region, a maximum of 1830947 ha was reported in 1990 and a minimum of 1796634 ha in 2014, out of the total of 2921169 ha of the region (Table 1). Table 2 shows the evolution of agricultural areas, after 1900 on the two development regions of Romania (NW and SW).  Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  367   Table 1 Agricultural land area in NW and SW regions  Year 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014 Northwest region 2070095 2076560 2100834 2087480 2069766 2079500 Southwest region Oltenia 1830947 1826528 1820083 1806606 1799230 1796634  Table 2  Area by categories of agricultural use, after 1990, in the NW and SW regions  Year  1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014 Arable (ha) North West Region 1046248 1007964 1008764 1016132 1022774 1021392 South West Region 1251912 1244669 1247535 1255049 1251229 1251902 Pastures (ha) North West Region 613850 647314 667061 648812 617719 610850 South West Region 378563 381865 379674 377572 379026 377876 Hayfields (ha) North West Region 337659 358756 366641 378211 385337 401608 South West Region 84124 85577 86156 88002 87511 89136 Vineyards and viticultural nurseries (ha) North West Region 14887 14750 13524 9076 9513 9470 South West Region 47662 52232 51061 39625 39424 37998 Orchards and fruit nurseries (ha) North West Region 57451 47776 44844 35249 34423 36180 South West Region 68686 62185 55657 46358 42040 39722   Figure 1. Evolution of arable land in NW and SW regions after 1990 (hectares) Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  368   If we refer to arable land areas, they have a higher share of the total area in the case of the SW region, compared to the NW region. This can be explained by the predominant forms of plain and hill relief in the Oltenia region. Regarding the evolution of the arable land area, there is a decrease, after 1990 in the case of the NW region, from 1046248 ha in 1990 to 1007964 ha in 1995, with a return to over 1021000 ha in 1995. In Oltenia, the evolution of the arable land area was oscillating, in zig-zag, having a maximum of 1255049 ha in 2005 and a minimum of 1244669 ha in 1995.     Figure 2. Oscillation of arable land over the two regions (hectares)  As for the pastures, their area is shown in Table 2. As can be seen, the pasture area is almost double in the NW region, compared to the SV Oltenia region. At the NW region, the maximum pasture area was reached in 2000. (667061 ha), and the trend is decreasing, with a minimum in 2014 (610850 ha). In the case of Oltenia, the pasture areas registered close values, between 381865 ha (in 1995) and 377572 ha (in 2005). Figures 3 and 4 show the situation of areas occupied by pastures in the two regions studied, after 1990.  Figure 3. Pasture areas in the North-West region (hectares) Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  369   Figure 4. Pasture areas in the South West region (hectares)   The areas registered with hayfields are presented in table 3. The area occupied by the hayfields category is much larger in the NW region, being approximately 4 times larger than in Oltenia. Table 3 Area occupied by the hayfields use category in the NW and SW regions of Romania, after 1990 (hectares) Year  1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014 Hayfields (ha) North West Region 337659 358756 366641 378211 385337 401608 South West Region 84124 85577 86156 88002 87511 89136   Figure 5. Areas occupied by hayfields in the North West region, after 1990 (ha)  In both regions of Romania there is a constant increase in hayfields. In the NW region from 337659 ha (1990) to 401608 ha in 2014. In Oltenia the growth was lower, from 84124 ha in 1990 to 89136 ha in 2014 (figures 5 and 6).  Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  370   Figure 6. Areas occupied by hayfields in the South West region, after 1990 (ha)  In the case of land occupied by vineyards, the areas had different evolutions for the two regions. In the NW region, there is a decrease from almost 15,000 ha existing in 1990, to less than 10,000 ha in 2014. In the SV Oltenia region, it started in 1990 with a vineyard area of 47662 ha, then increased to 52232 ha in 1995, after which there were continuous decreases, to below 38000 ha in 2014. Figure 7 shows the evolution of vine areas in the 2 regions.   Figure 7. Areas occupied by vines in the NW and SW regions of Romania, after 1990 (hectares)  The growth of vineyards in Oltenia is attributed to the planting after the revolution of some vineyards (especially hybrid), in the 90s, after which, as the population ages in rural areas and the exodus of young people to urban areas or abroad, the areas cultivated with vines were also reduced.  Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru (Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series) Vol. L/2020  371  As for the land occupied by orchards, they have been permanently reduced since 1990, in both regions reaching almost half of the area initially occupied. Figure 8 shows the decreasing evolution of the areas occupied by orchards. If in the NW region it started from 57451 ha in 1990, reaching only 36180 ha in 2014, in Oltenia the decrease was from 68686 ha existing in 1990, to below 40,000 ha in 2014.   Figure 8. Areas occupied by orchards and fruit nurseries in the NW and SW regions of Romania, after 1990 (hectares)CONCLUSIONS  The data are incomplete, waiting for the conclusion of the National Program of Cadastre and Land Book 2015-2023 (PNCCF), cadastral works are currently being carried out in over 2,000 localities according to ANCPI. The share of areas occupied by each category of agricultural use in the two development regions (NW and SW) is different, but the areas occupied by agricultural land have had similar developments, with some small exceptions. An increase in vineyards and especially orchards is expected, in the context of the establishment of agricultural holdings based on attracting European funds through various financing measures in agriculture.   BIBLIOGRAPHY  1. Burghilă, C., Bordun, C., Cimpeanu, S. M., Burghilă, D., & Badea, A., 2016 -  Why mapping ecosystems services is a must in EU biodiversity strategy for 2020. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 5(2), 28-37; 2. Calina, A. and Calina, J., 2019. Research regardig the agriproductive properties of the typical reddish preluvosol between Jiu and Olt rivers and its evolution from 1997-2017 in farms and agritouristic households. Romanian Agricultural Research, 36, pp.251-261; 3. 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THE EVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL SURFACES, BY USE  CATEGORIES, IN THE SW AND NW REGIONS OF ROMANIA

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THE EVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL SURFACES, BY USE CATEGORIES, IN THE SW AND NW REGIONS OF ROMANIA

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Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series