Estudio de viabilidad del transporte de hidrógeno

Abstract

The world faces increasing challenges in terms of energy and emissions dueto growing consumption of fossil fuels. In the effort towards the decarbonizationof the economy, different sources of fuel are being considered, such as hydrogen.The only drawback is the price due its novelty, as there is lack of research.The main objective of this work is to evaluate the hydrogen potential, energyand emissions impacts of hydrogen distribution. The hydrogen production isassumed to be through electrolysis process. Two ways of hydrogen distributionwere considered, through: the existing pipeline and road transport. In thepipeline distribution the ratio of 15% Hydrogen/Natural Gas was considereddue to the infrastructure embrittlement risk. The variables evaluated from thistype of transport are energy delivered, hydrogen percentage in the mixture,diameter and length. Then, two road transportation was evaluated: Gaseoushydrogen trailers and Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers. For costs analysis, theprocessing and trucking were account.The overall costs turn out to be cheaper for pipeline distribution, as they gofrom around 500 € per day to around 63.600 € for the cheapest road transportoption, in this case LOHC. Life Cycle analysis was performed to assess theenergy balances and associated emissions of hydrogen distribution pathways.The results show that the pipeline distribution has lower emissions with 0.15 tCO2 per day, while the lowest emissions from road transport come from GH2with steel bottles, at 9.45 t CO2 per day.<br /