Influence of health factors on school failure

Abstract

Uspješnost učenika u usvajanju znanja i vještina tijekom školovanja, vrednovanu rezultatima i postignućem na ispitima prema unaprijed određenim kriterijima, nazivamo školskim uspjehom. Školski neuspjeh se očituje kao trajan neuspjeh u svim ili nekim predmetima, ponavljanju razreda, prekidu školovanja, ali i učenikovom osjećaju neuspjeha. Cilj ovoga preglednog rada je prikaz zdravstvenih čimbenika školskog neuspjeha. Izvršeno je pretraživanje literature u bibliografskim bazama PubMed i Hrčak, u razdoblju od 2008. do 2018. godine, korištenjem ključnih riječi na hrvatskom: školska djeca, školski uspjeh, školski neuspjeh, čimbenici školskog neuspjeha i engleskom jeziku: school performance, school attainment, school-aged children, obesity, sleep, school success, physical activity. Rezultati do sada provedenih istraživanja pokazali su povezanost nezdravih životnih navika, kao što su nedovoljno sna, neredovita i nekvalitetna prehrana, sedentarni način života te pretilost i pothranjenost, s lošijim školskim uspjehom. Navike zdravog stila života, kao što su pravilan raspored obroka, unos zdravih namirnica, rijetka konzumacija zaslađenih pića i brze hrane te redovita tjelesna aktivnost, bili su povezani s boljim obrazovnim ishodima. Razumijevanje povezanosti zdravstvenih čimbenika i školskog uspjeha doprinijet će podizanju svijesti znanstvene i stručne javnosti o važnosti razvoja i očuvanja zdravih životnih navika tijekom školovanja, kako bi se ostvarili akademski potencijali.The success of the student in acquiring knowledge and skills durings schooling, evaluated by results and achievement in exeminations according to predefined criteria, is called school success. School failure occurs as a permanent failure in all or some school subjects, grade retention, drop out of school, as well as children's feelings of failure. The aim of this paper is to show the health factors of school failure. PubMed and Hrčak databases were used for literature research in period from 2008 to 2018, using the keywords in Croatian and English: school performance, school attainment, school-aged children, obesity, sleep, school success, physical activity. The results of the research have shown the connection between unhealthy habits, such as insufficient sleep, irregular and poor quality diet, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and malnutrition, with poorer school success. Healthy habits, such as regular eating, healthy food intake, infrequent consumption of fast-food and sweetened beverage and regular physical activity, were associated with better educational outcomes. Understanding the relationship between health factors and school success will contribute to raising the awareness of the scientific and professional public on the importance of developing and preserving healthy lifestyles during schooling in order to achieve academic potentials