Informed consent – conceptual, empirical and normative issues

Abstract

Informirani pristanak je izjava bolesnika ili ispitanika nekog znanstvenog istraživanja koja liječnika ili medicinskog istraživača opunomoćuje da provede određene mjere, terapiju ili da uključi ispitanika u istraživački protokol. Kako u svojim teorijskim (pret)postavkama, tako i u praktičnoj primjeni u svakodnevnoj kliničkoj praksi, suvremena medicinsko-etička doktrina informiranog pristanka susreće se s tri vrste problema: konceptualni problemi (pokušati razlučiti značenje i (pred)uvjete informiranog pristanka), empirijski problemi (pokušati saznati, primjerice, koliko vremena treba da bismo dali informaciju u određenim uvjetima i koliko je data informacija shvatljiva za bolesnika ili rodbinu) i normativni problemi (pokušati ustanoviti kada, kako i čijom obvezom smatrati informirani pristanak). Derivirajući (formalno i sadržajno) koncept informiranog pristanka iz (bio)etičkih principa dobročinstva i autonomije, te pronalazeći uporište u domaćoj i međunarodnoj medicinsko-etičko- pravnoj regulaciji informiranog pristanka (Zakon o zaštiti prava pacijenata RH, Helsinška deklaracija, UNESCO-va opća deklaracija o bioetici i ljudskim pravima) prepoznaje se prisustvo višedimenzionalnog okvira za pristup razrješavanju pitanja opterećenih moralnim vrijednostima, prisutnih unutar sustava zdravstvene skrbi.Informed Consent is a statement of the patient or subjects of a scientific research, which empowers physicians or medical researchers to conduct a certain medical procedure, therapy, or enroll subjects in the scientific-research protocol. In its theoretical settings, as well as in practical application in everyday clinical practice, modern medical-ethical doctrine of informed consent encounters three types of issues: conceptual issues (try to discern the meaning and (pre)conditions of informed consent), empirical issues (try to find out, for example, how much time should be given to disclose information in certain circumstances, and how the information is understandable to the patient or his/her relatives) and normative issues (try to establish when, how, and whose obligation should informed consent be considered). Derivation (formal and contextual) of the concept of informed consent from the ethical principles of beneficence and autonomy, and finding of a ground floor in the domestic and international medical-ethical-legal regulation of informed consent (Law on protection of patients’ rights, Helsinki Declaration, UNESCO’s Universal declaration on bioethics and human rights) recognizes the presence of multidimensional framework for resolving morally burdened issues present within the health care system

    Similar works