Matthies, K.

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KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and  National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association INSTITUTE OF FUNCTIONAL INTERFACES, DEPARTMENT OF INTERFACE MICROBIOLOGY www.kit.edu This project is funded by Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul, Southern Java Dipl.-Ing. Kerstin Matthies Institute of Functional Interfaces 2 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Investigation Area: Gunung Kidul 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta Jakarta Institute of Functional Interfaces 3 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Current Situation in Gunung Kidul 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Natural conditions • Tropical climate • Karst formation • Poor retention and filtration capacity • Water shortages in dry season Man-made circumstances • Deficient waste water treatment • Dilapidated pipelines and reservoirs • Deficient water treatment • Lack of monitoring      Results • Small water amount • Bad water quality Population is forced to boil water • Barely sustainable  • Problematic with high amounts of water pictures: IfG, Gießen Institute of Functional Interfaces 4 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Distribution of Coliforms in July 2010 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul CFU= Colony Forming Units R1 R2 R3 R4 R BP1 R BP3 R BP4 R BP2 R9 R6 R8 R5 TC: 3.790 TC: 261 TC: 2.750 TC: 1.350 TC: 980 TC: 410 TC: 461 TC: 970 Cave TC: 275,5 TC: 517 TC: 630 TC: 860 TC: 1.870 TC=Total Coliforms Unit: CFU/100 mL TC<500 500<TC<1000 1000<TC<10.000 Legende map: http://iwrm.gik.uni-karlsruhe.de/mapguide/iwrm WHO guideline: 0 CFU/ 100 mL for Coliforms and E.coli Institute of Functional Interfaces 5 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Coliform Contamination in both Caves 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul >39.000 Institute of Functional Interfaces 6 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Water Treatment Concept 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Central removal of turbidity before distribution system Household  (point of use) disinfection Central but close to customer (village) Sand filtration Ceramic filtration Cave Hygienisation Institute of Functional Interfaces 7 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Field Laboratory 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Sand filtration UV disinfection Chlorination Ceramic filtration Institute of Functional Interfaces 8 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Sand Filtration and UV Disinfection 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Sand filtration samples taken after running period of five weeks UV disinfection samples taken after running period of 25 h UV-C dose at 254 nm: 423,2 J/m²  Raw water After  sand filtration After UV dis-infection Bact. count at 22 °C [CFU/mL] >100 >100 0 Bact. count at 36 °C [CFU/mL] >100 >100 52 Total coliforms [CFU/100 mL] 4 3 0 E.coli  [CFU/100 mL] 15 40 0 Max allowed Bact. count at 22 °C [CFU/mL] 20 Bact. count at 36 °C [CFU/mL] 100 Total coliforms [CFU/100 mL] 0 E.coli  [CFU/100 mL] 0 Institute of Functional Interfaces 9 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Chlorination 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Chlorination with Calciumhypochlorite (Indonesian Kaporit) Residual Chloride:  0.65 mg/L; 1.02 mg/L; 1.25 mg/L; 3.3 mg/L  Raw water First set Raw water Second set 0.65 mg/L 1 mg/L 1.25 mg/L 3.3 mg/L Bact. count at 22 °C [CFU/mL] >100 23 0 >100 0 0 Bact. count at 36 °C [CFU/mL] >100 fungi fungi >100 0 0 Total coliforms [CFU/100 mL] >200 0 0 >200 0 0 E.coli  [CFU/100 mL] 110 0 0 24 0 0 Institute of Functional Interfaces 10 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Ceramic Filtration 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Raw water 50 nm membrane Raw water 200 nm membrane 0 NTU 20 NTU 0 NTU 20 NTU Bact. count at 22 °C [CFU/mL] >100 0 21 >100 4 25 Bact. count at 36 °C [CFU/mL] 45 24 10 fungi 0 45 Total coliforms [CFU/100 mL] 165 0 0 >200 0 2 E.coli  [CFU/100 mL] 41 0 0 >200 0 1 Reference: atech innovations gmbh Cross-Flow-Method • Pore size 200 nm • Pore size 50 nm Institute of Functional Interfaces 11 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Conclusion 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul High contamination with hygienically relevant bacteria    Thorough water treatment is essential Techniques seem appropriate, but have to be repeated under Indonesian conditions   Sand filtration Ceramic filtration Hygienisation Water treatment concept:  Hygienisation Chlorination, UV disinfection & ceramic filtration show good disinfection capacity Sand filtration known to have good retention capacity under appropriate conditions (low flow rate etc.) Institute of Functional Interfaces 12 Motivation Monitoring Treatment Conclusion Outlook Future Plans 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Project runs until 2013 Ongoing monitoring Shipping of field laboratory to Indonesia (this year) Repetition of experiments under Indonesian conditions  Capacity Development Development and introduction of appropriate water treatment  technology in project region Institute of Functional Interfaces 13 17.10.2011 Kerstin Matthies Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul Acknowledgements This project is funded by Thank you for your attention! ? Questions ? CIP Chemical Institute Pforzheim GmbH Prof. Ursula Obst & department at IFG Prof. Franz Nestmann, Dr. Peter Oberle & Dr. Muhammad Ikhwan 

Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul, Southern Java

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Development of an appropriate water treatment for the karst region Gunung Kidul, Southern Java

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