Kühlen, A.

Schultmann, F.

KITopen

22  Germany  Contributed by: Frank Schultmann and Anna Kühlen  Institute for Industrial Production (IIP), French-German Institute for Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe  1. National statistics Amount and type of the total construction and demolition waste disposal in Germany in 2006: Thereof Delivered Total waste disposal Disposed  where produced Inland Abroad No. Waste type 1000 tonnes 17 Construction and demolition waste (including excavation of contaminated sites) 22 162.3 1 483.7 20 509.1 169.5 170101 Concrete 294.8 49.8 245.0 - 170102 Bricks 218.6 32.8 185.8 - 170103 Tiles, bricks and ceramics 39.0 11.6 27.3 - 170106 Mixtures of or separated fractions of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics, including dangerous materials 458.1 80.6 377.5 - 170107 Mixtures of concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics, excluding those listed in 17 01 06 3 487.2 209.5 3 277.7 - 170201 Wood 4.0 - 4.0 - 170202 Glass 9.9 0.2 9.7 - 170203 Plastics 2.4 0.0 2.3 - 170204 Glass, Plastics, wood, including dangerous materials or contaminated by dangerous materials 2.0 0.1 1.9 - 170301 Carbonaceous bitumen mixtures 474.6 5.7 468.9 - 170302 Bitumen mixtures excluded those listed in 17 03 01 3749 235.2 139.8 - 170303 Carbonaceous-tarry and tarry products 75.7 1.5 74.1 0.1 170407 Mixed metals 0.1 - 0.1 - 23  170409 Metal waste, contaminated by dangerous materials 0.2 - 0.2 0.0 170503 Earth and rocks, including dangerous materials 1 097.8 118.0 913.8 66.0 170504 Earth and rocks, excluding those listed in 17 05 03 14 416.4 682.5 13 698.0 35.9 170505 Excavated material, including dangerous materials 18.1 0.1 18.0 - 170506 Excavated material, excluding those listed in 17 05 05 167.1 0.6 166.5 - 170507 Track ballast, including dangerous materials 24.2 0.8 21.7 1.8 170508 Track ballast, excluding those listed in 17 05 07 38.1 21.4 16.7 - 170601 Insulating material, including asbestos 14.8 0.2 4.8 9.8 170603 Other insulating material, existing of dangerous materials or including such materials 68.9 1.9 65.9 1.1 170604 Insulating materials, excluding those listed in  17 06 01 and 17 06 03 33.7 2.2 31.5 - 170605 Asbestos construction materials 354.5 3.7 304.4 46.4 170801 Construction materials of cement, contaminated by dangerous materials 0.8 - 0.8 - 170802 Construction materials of cement, excluding those listed in 17 08 01 117.8 0.1 113.4 4.3 170901 Construction and demolition waste, including quicksilver 0.1 - 0.1 - 170902 Construction and demolition waste, including PCB (e.g. sealing compound, flooring, insulating glazing, condenser with PBC, flooring with resin 3.6 0.0 3.0 0.6 170903 Other construction and demolition waste (including mixed waste), including dangerous materials 22.0 12.2 6.4 3.4 170904 Mixed construction and demolition waste, excluding those listed in 17 09 01,  17 09 02 and 17 09 03 342.9 12.9 329.9 0.0  24  The table below lists the total construction and demolition waste production and the amount of recycled waste in 2000 and 2004.  Total construction and demolition waste production Total construction and demolition waste production Amount of waste recycled Waste type [million tonnes] [%] [million tonnes] Year 2000 2004 (2004) (2004) Demolition waste 52.1 50.5 25.2% 31.1 Road scarification 16.6 19.7 9.8% 18.4 Construction waste 4.3 1.9 0.9% 0.1 Cement - 0.3 0.2% - Total (without excavation) 73.0 72.4 36.1% 49.6 Waste from excavation ? 128.3 63.9% 9.1 Total ? 200.7 100% 58.7   2. Policies, strategies and legislation  Negotiated Agreement of the ARGE KWTB  Regarding the treatment of construction and demolition (C&D) waste the ARGE KWTB (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kreislaufwirtschaftsträger Bau − Construction Recycling and Waste Management Industry Working Group), a consortium of construction industry trade associations, e.g. The Central Association of the German Construction Industry (ZFB Zentralverband des deutschen Baugewerbes – ZFB’) and Confederation of Recycling Construction Materials (‘Bundesvereinigung Recycling-Baustoffe – BRB‘), entered into a voluntary commitment with the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, to achieve a 50% reduction in the amount of landfilled C&D waste in Germany. In 2005 the construction industry achieved their 10-year voluntary commitment for the 5th time with a long term recycling quota of 70.1% and a long term recovery quota of 88.7%.  Waste Avoidance, Recovery and Avoidance Act  On October 7th, 1996 the Waste Avoidance, Recovery and Disposal Act (Kreislaufwirtschafts- und Abfallgesetz - KrW-/AbfG) came into force. The Act is strongly connected to the European guidelines 75/442/EWG. It contains the basic principles of German waste management and closed-loop recycling strategies. The Act assigns a hierarchy for waste prevention: • avoidance of waste is better than the recycling of waste, • waste that cannot be prevented should be recovered, and • landfill disposal of waste is only allowed when neither prevention nor recovery is feasible or economically reasonable.      25  Organic waste  Since the Disposal Act in 2004, landfilling of organic, active waste is prohibited.  Recycling of mineral waste  The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety and the representatives of the federal states are developing a regulation of alternative construction material for the recycling of mineral waste.  Integration of European guidelines into German law  Since 1999 the German government has developed a ‘strategy for the future of disposal of waste from human settlements’ (‘Ziel 2020’), with a goal to recover all municipal waste completely by 2020, so that landfilling of municipal waste is no longer necessary. In relation to this, the federal environment agency is considering if this concept can be transferred to other waste materials, such as mineral waste and biological waste treatment residuals, as an essential contribution to the European strategy regarding waste recycling and avoidance. The European directives on waste and repealing certain directives (2008/98/EG) are not yet transferred into the national German law, but the transposition expected soon. For example, national legal changes are planned regarding the waste hierarchy.  The Certification of the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB-Sealing)  The DGNB (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nachhaltiges Bauen) was formed in Germany to support and implement sustainable building & construction. The association plans together with the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs (Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Bau und Stadtentwicklung - BMVBS) the provision of a German certification system for buildings having special environmental properties and qualities. As the whole life cycle of a building is relevant for the award with this certification, minimal waste production is one important aspect that needs to be considered. 3. Guidance documents  Guideline for Sustainable Construction  The Guideline for Sustainable Construction (‘Leitfaden Nachhaltiges Bauen’) addresses sustainable construction throughout the whole life cycle of buildings; i.e. the minimisation of energy and resource consumption as well as the reduction of negative environmental impacts.  http://www.bmvbs.de/cae/servlet/contentblob/46918/publicationFile/10715/leitfaden-nachhaltiges-bauen-nicht-barrierefrei.pdf   DIN Standards  In November 2006, the ATV DIN 19459 (‘Allgemeine Technische Vertragsbedingungen’), setting general standards for “demolition and deconstruction work”, came into force.  Other relevant German guidelines, relevant to the reduction of waste, are listed: 1. Demolition of residential and administrative buildings – guideline (Abbruch von Wohn- und Verwaltungsgebäuden – Handlungsanleitung) 26  Regional office for ecology in Baden-Württemberg  2. Guideline for sustainable construction of public buildings (Leitfaden nachhaltiges Bauen bei Bundesbauten) Federal Ministry of Transport, Buildings and Urban Affairs  3. Development of methodologies for the assessment of contamination of building materials before deconstruction (Entwicklung von Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Kontaminierung der Baustoffe vor dem Abbruch) German committee for reinforced concrete  4. Guideline for measurement and recycling planning of buildings to be demolished (Leitfaden für die Erfassung und Verwertung der Materialien eines Abbruchobjektes) German committee for reinforced concrete  5. Recycling guideline (Arbeitshilfen Recyling) Federal Ministry of Transport, Buildings and Urban Affairs  6. Environmentally advantageous and low cost treatment of demolition waste (Umweltgerechter und kostensparender Umgang mit Bauabfällen) Central association of the German construction industry  Related links:  Federal Ministry of Transport, Buildings and Urban Affairs www.bmvbs.de/   Regional office for ecology in Baden-Württemberg www.um.baden-wuerttemberg.de/servlet/is/1538/   German committee for reinforced concrete www.dafstb.de/   Central association of the German construction industry: www.zdb.de/   Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety www.bmu.de/   

Construction Waste Management in Germany

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000052697/3805022

Construction Waste Management in Germany

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