University of Rijeka. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. Department of Philosophy.
Abstract
U početku mog diplomskog rada dajem povijesni pregled filozofa od samog nastanka odgoja. Nakon općenitog razmatranja o odgoju daje se prikaz s kritičkim osvrtom pristupa odgoju prema Sofistima, Sokratu, Platonu, Aristotelu, J. J. Rousseaou te J. Deweyu. Kroz podjelu odgoja u pedagogiji dotaknuli smo se definicija odgoja te pokušali pronaći korijene tradicionalne nastave (nastave u kojoj je nastavnik glavni davatelj i nositelj informacija, a učenici primatelji tih informacija u pasivnom obliku). U suvremenoj nastavi učenici su u središtu zbivanja nastave, sudjeluju aktivno u nastavi (u mogućnosti su razvijanja kritičkog mišljenja, stavova, propitivanja znanja i informacija koje im nastavnik prenosi na način da ih potiče da otkrivaju znanje i rješenja i da pritom učitelj pomaže učenicima u razumijevanju gradiva, a ne samo pri prenošenju postojećih rješenja. Razvoj novih tehnologija donosi i inovacije u obrazovanju pa smo kroz kritički osvrt obrazložili njihov utjecaj u pripremi i organizaciji nastave. Postojeće stanje obrazovnog aspekta informatizacije sagledano je kroz četiri komponente: opremljenost, informatička pismenost,
permanentno obrazovanje nastavnika i sadržaji prilagođeni za nastavni proces. U odgojno-obrazovnom procesu važna je implementacija informacijske tehnologije kako bi se održala informatička pismenost pa je tehnologija obrazovanja utkana u cjelinu procesa obrazovanja i ovisi o vremenu u kojemu živimo. U školstvu je virtualna stvarnost promatrana kao pristup koji mijenja načine odvijanja nastave iz tradicionalnog oblika predavanja, u suvremeni oblik nastave (koji je pobliže objašnjen kroz služenje informacijskih tehnologija i metoda rada u nastavi koji omogućuju učeniku bolje razumijevanje, snalaženje i korištenje danih
informacija). Pobliže ćemo pojasniti kako virtualna stvarnost može pomoći u odgojnoobrazovnom procesu te pokazati da postoje pozitivne i negativne strane vezane uz razvoj informacijskih i komunikacijskih tehnologija.The beginning of my master's thesis deals with the historical review of philosophers from the very beginning of the study of education. After the general description of education, the critical review about education practices based on the studies from the Sophists, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, J.J.Rousseaou and J.Dewey is presented. Through the classification of education in pedagogy, I have touched upon the definitions of education and tried to find the roots of traditional teaching (teaching in which the teacher is the main provider of information, and the pupils receive this information in passive form). In
contemporary teaching class, the students are at the center of the activities in classroom, they actively participate in class (they are able to develop critical thinking, attitudes, questioning of knowledge and information transmitted by their teacher in a way that encourages them to disclose knowledge and solutions. In that way the teacher helps pupils understand the subject matter, and not just when transferring existing solutions). The development of new technologies also brings innovations in education, so I have explained their impact in the preparation and organization of teaching through critical review. The present state of the educational aspect of computerization can be seen through four components: equipment, computer literacy, permanent teacher education and contents adapted for the teaching process. In the educational process, the implementation of information technology is important in order to maintain computer literacy, so the technology of education is involved in the whole process of education and depends on the time we live in. In the school system, the virtual reality is viewed as an approach that changes the way of teaching from the traditional form of lectures into a contemporary form of teaching (which is explained more precisely through the use of information technologies and teaching methods that enable the pupil to understand, find and use the information provided). I will explain more closely how virtual reality can help in the educational process, and show that there are positive and negative aspects of the development of information and communication technologies
