U ovom radu bavimo se sociokulturološkom i istorijsko-ekonomskom
analizom japanske kulture i poslovne filozofije kompanije Tojota. Dati vremenski
okvir izabran je zbog specifičnih socioekonomskih okolnosti i japanskog
nacionalnog karaktera, koji su neminovno uticali na samu kulturu i radni moral
svakog člana društva. U prvom delu rada, bavimo se dubljom analizom istorijske
pozadine poznate pod nazivom sakoku (zemlja u lancima) i zemlje, koja je uprkos
geografskoj i socioekonomskoj izolovanosti uspela da se integriše u
najsavremenije tokove društva i zauzme zavidno drugo mesto na ekonomskoj
svetskoj sceni. Ovaj istorijski paradoks je zapravo odgovor na pitanje kojim su
se bavili stručnjaci iz raznih oblasti, antropolozi, psiholozi, lingvisti – Zašto je
Japan uspeo? Upravo spoj tradicionalnog i modernog je Japanu omogućio
socioekonomski procvat. Japan se poput feniksa iz pepela izdigao iz ratom
devastirane države i postao moćna ekonomska velesila. U drugom delu rada,
analizirali smo proizvodne principe kompanije Tojota, uočivši implicitnu vezu sa
bušido kodeksom koji predstavlja nepisani skup moralnih pravila samurajskog
društva. Na temelju ovih principa, japansko društvo je u gotovo potpunoj izolaciji
opstalo 250 godina tokom duge vladavine dinastije Tokugawa. U skladu sa tim,
Tojota je, primenivši gotovo ista pravila stvorila proizvodnu imperiju opstajući
preko 80 godina, sa konstantnom tendencijom razvoja i usavršavanja step by step,
što čini osnovu kaizen filozofije. Na osnovu o v i h rezultata sugerišemo da je
neophodno sinergetsko izučavanje kulturoloških, sociolingvističkih i ekonomskih
veza i odnosa, jer se jedino u međuspletu svih tih analiza mogu shvatiti prava
značenja osobenosti nacionalnog karaktera jedne zemlje, koja direktno utiču na
društvo u celini, način života, kao i poslovanja. Ovo je jako važno i praktično,
kako bi se lakše shvatila kulturološka različitost ove daleke zemlje, ali i kao
sugestija i inspiracija za poboljšanje poslovanja u zemljama koje su počivaju na
drugačijoj kulturološkoj matriciIn the present paper we conduct a socio-cultural, historical and economic
analysis of Japanese culture and Toyota company business philosophy. The given
time frame has been chosen due to the specific social and economic
circumstances and Japanese national character, which inevitably affected the
culture itself and the work ethic of every member of society. In the first part of
the paper, we present a deeper analysis of the historical background known as
sakoku (enchained country) and of a country that, despite geographical an socioeconomic
isolation managed to integrate itself into the contemporary social
streams and to take enviable second place in the economic world scene. This
historical paradox is actually the answer to the question, that experts from
various fields, anthropologists, psychologists, linguists were dealing with – Why
has Japan succeeded? It is the combination of both traditional and modern that
made socio-economic prosperity of Japan possible. Japan, like a phoenix from
the ashes, rose from the war-devastated country and became a powerful
economic superpower. In the second part, we analyze Toyota Production System,
noting the implicit connection to the bushido code, which represents an unwritten
set of samurai society moral rules. Based on these principles, Japanese society
survived 250 years long isolation under the Tokugawa dynasty. Applying almost
the same principles, Toyota has created an empire that has been lasting for
more than 80 years with a constant tendency of growth and development step by
step, which forms the basis of kaizen philosophy. Based on these results, we
propose that there should be a synergetic study of cultural, socio-linguistic and
economic connections and relations, since it is only in the interaction of all these
analyses that the real meanings of peculiarities of one country national character
can be understood. Those peculiarities directly affect society as a whole, way of
life and way of doing business. This is very important both practically, in order to
make it easier to understand cultural diversity of this distant country, and
theoretically, as a suggestion and inspiration to improve business operations in
countries that are based on different cultural matri