Open access article. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 United States (CC BY-NC 3.0 US) appliesPrevious attempts to plot the exact invasion route of the
Punic army in 218 B.c. have been limited, with one excep-
tion (de Beer 1967, 1969), to analysis of topography and
previous historical arguments based on the interpretation
of classical texts written by Polybius and livy. eliciting
environmental information from classical literature led to
a focus on environmental landmarks, including the rockfall
that blocked the army on the lee side of the alps, a firing
event described by livy, and the regrouping area where the
army rested after conflict with the gauls and the trek over a
major col of passage into italia.The use of various scientific
methods to analyze these three major sites/events has led
to a conclusive identification of the invasion route, and sites
of interest to geoarchaeologistsYe