Persistent Neurocognitive Impairment and Neurological Complications Following COVID-19: Challenges of the Long COVID Syndrome

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2).(1) As of April 23, 2021, there are close to 150 million cumulative cases, with over 3 million deaths worldwide.(2) In terms of clinical presentation, individuals afflicted with COVID-19 vary greatly in terms of their disease progression and symptomatology.(3,4) During the acute phase of COVID-19, patients may experience flu-like symptoms including fever, cough, dyspnea, headache,(5,7) though gastrointestinal, renal, hepatological, rheumatological, and neurological symptoms and complications have been reported.(8,9) Recently, there has been increasing interest in the chronic sequelae of COVID-19.(10). One study has estimated that over 87% of COVID patients continue to experience at least one symptom, two months after COVID symptom onset.(11) The etiology and clinical profile of the so called long COVID(12) is still under investigation, but some studies have suggested that long COVID may involve respiratory, neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, immunological symptoms.(13,16) With the likely devastating disease burden of long COVID, clinicians need to understand the presentation and management of patients suffering from long COVID symptoms

    Similar works