Abouellail Abdelmeguid Fathy Ahmed

Electronic archive of Tomsk Polytechnic University

 Science as a vocation and career __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 785 SCIENCE AS A VOCATION AND CAREER  Abouellail Abdelmeguid Fathy Ahmed (Egypt) Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk HIGH SPEED IMAGING; HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT High speed imaging or high speed photography could be defined as the science of capturing photos for a very fast process or phenomena. The science of high speed photography was started very early in 1878 by taking photos in a horse race which is called gallop. The photo was taken by the English pioneer photographer Eadweard Muybridge. In the race they tried to prove that the horse feet were all off the ground at the same moment during the gallop.   Fig.1. Sequence of a race horse galloping. Photos taken by Eadweard Muybridge (died 1904), first published in 1887 at Philadelphia [1]. Later in the early 1886 the first photograph of flying bullet of a supersonic was taken by the Austrian physicist Peter Salcher. The same technique of this photograph was used by the German weapon scientist Ernst Mach for studying the supersonic motion in 1916. Considering all the previous phenomena only a beginning for observing and understanding the processes acting very fast, the high speed photography was used in Manhattan project in 1940s by the tech-nician photographer Berlin Brixner. The application of high speed photog-raphy in the first nuclear bomb production had the key role for solving tech-nical issues about the shape and the speed of implosion. The following figure II Международная научно-практическая конференция  «Научная инициатива иностранных студентов и аспирантов» __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 786 shows a nuclear explosion of 20m diameter after 1mellisecond of the explo-sion.  Fig.2. Nuclear explosion photographed with the Rapatronic camera less than 1 millisecond after detonation [1]. Nowadays the technology of high speed photography is growing in the field of non-destructive testing using laser illumination and x-ray illumination. The geo-materials such as rocks and concrete or bricks are tested under dy-namic loads, the recent technology of high speed photography helps to clear understand the properties of those materials during testing. To discover what is going exactly inside the processes around us we need a continuous develop-ment of high speed photography. Table.1.  History of development of high speed photography[2]. Date  Organization/ person  Achievement  1878 Eadweard Muybridge The first practical application of high-speed photography 1886 Peter Salcher The first photograph of a super-sonic flying bullet 1931 Japanese Institute of Aeronautical Research manufactured a camera capable of recording 60,000 frames per second 1940 Cearcy D. Miller Patent for the rotating mirror cam-era, theoretically capable of one million frames per second Recent technology  1Tfps have been reached by se-quentially timed all-optical map-ping photography   Science as a vocation and career __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 787 Development of the tools of high speed photography since the first photo of the horse in 1878 is ongoing till now. The first photo was taken with a frame rate 69 fps. A classification divided the high speed imaging into four categories according to the frame rate, a) High speed imaging in the range of 50-500 frame/second (fps), the system uses mechanical shuttering and discontinues film motion; b) Very high speed imaging with rate between 500-100,000 (fps), using a continuous moving film and a digital video system; c) Ultra high speed imaging, 100,000–10 million fps (Mfps),using stationary film with moving im-age systems and electronically with image converter cameras; and (d) super high-speed, more than 10 Mfps, where film has been largely superseded by electronic imaging and recording [1]. Nowadays recent technology achieved many types of cameras capable of photographing with a very high frame rate, for example we have “Shimadzu HPV X2” camera recorded photos with 10 Mfps also “Kirana” camera achieved 5 Mfps [2]. REFERENCES  1. Zhang H.Z.X.Q.B. High-Speed Photography and Digital Optical Meas-urement Techniques for Geomaterials : Fundamentals and Applications // Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Springer Vienna, 2017. 2. Slangen P. et al. Recent developments in high speed imaging and appli-cations in speckle light To cite this version : HAL Id : hal-02011901. 2021. Adam Mustapha Umar (Nigeria) Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk Scientific supervisor: Goryunov Alexey Germanovich CFD APPLICATIONS IN PWR THERMAL-HYDRAULICS  Introduction  In the last decade, three-dimensional CFD codes have increasingly been used to predict single-phase and multiphase flows in nuclear reactor applica-tions under stationary or unsteady conditions. CFD is used to process mathe-matical modelling of a physical phenomenon involving fluid flow and solve it numerically using computational prowess. CFD modelling and analysis be-came a popular online simulation solution as the difficulty grew in applying 

High speed imaging; history and development

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High speed imaging; history and development

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