In the course of previous months, in the Mailing List of the Italian Society of Nephrology (ML-SIN), a message asking for opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of peritoneal sclerosis, gave rise to an extensive debate concerning this clinically interesting topic. The discussion evidenced significant differences both in the reported onset of clinical manifestations, emphasizing the difficulty in obtaining a definite early diagnosis, and in therapy approaches. This is sometimes limited to medical treatment, but surgery, although burdened with elevated complexity and a high mortality rate, mainly due to post-operative complications, is usually advocated for intestinal obstruction. In this issue of the review dedicated to the ML-SIN, two expert colleagues will analyze the different aspects of peritoneal sclerosis. The argument is developed in two sections: the first section is dedicated to the discussion of definition, etiology, pathology and clinical characteristics of this serious complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD)
