The paper presents a system for managing and monitoring environ- mental parameters in hospital facilities. It relies on existing data collected with a CAFM (Computer Aided Facility Management) system and allows granted users (such as CEO or Energy Manager) to monitor the ongoing energy consumption of a given activity area (Operating Rooms, Diagnostics, Intensive Care Units, Wards) in relation to the compliance to relevant threshold parameters. The sys- tem easily outputs aggregated data via PDF reporting

Alessio Luschi

Beatrice Turillazzi

Ernesto Iadanza

Riccardo Di Franco

English

Archivio della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Siena

07 October 2022Luschi, A., Di Franco, R., Turillazzi, B., Iadanza, E. (2020). System for Monitoring EnvironmentalParameters in a Hospital Facility. In IFMBE Proceedings (pp.413-416). Cham : Springer [10.1007/978-3-030-17971-7_62].System for Monitoring Environmental Parameters in a Hospital FacilityPublisher:Published:DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-17971-7_62Terms of use:Open Access(Article begins on next page)The terms and conditions for the reuse of this version of the manuscript are specified in the publishingpolicy. Works made available under a Creative Commons license can be used according to the terms andconditions of said license.For all terms of use and more information see the publisher's website.Availability:SpringerThis version is availablehttp://hdl.handle.net/11365/1215326 since 2022-09-04T20:51:59ZOriginal:This is the peer reviewed version of the following article:System for Monitoring EnvironmentalParameters in a Hospital FacilityAlessio Luschi, Riccardo Di Franco, Beatrice Turillazzi,and Ernesto IadanzaAbstractThe paper presents a system for managing and monitoringenvironmental parameters in hospital facilities. It relies onexisting data collected with a CAFM (Computer AidedFacility Management) system and allows granted users(such as CEO or Energy Manager) to monitor the ongoingenergy consumption of a given activity area (OperatingRooms, Diagnostics, Intensive Care Units, Wards) inrelation to the compliance to relevant threshold param-eters. The system easily outputs aggregated data via PDFreporting.KeywordsEnvironment  Energy  Hospital  Managing CAFM1 IntroductionA typical hospital facility consumes about 2.5 times theenergy of an office. In the European Union (EU) there areabout 15,000 hospitals which are responsible for the 5% ofthe total carbon-dioxide emissions in the whole EU. In thiscontext the energy saving associated with a hospital gets ahigh relevance, and it comes clear that a well designedsystem to correctly manage the environmental impact ofsuch a premise is crucial. These systems allow not only tominimize the cost of the energy demand, but also to save theamount of carbon-oxide introduced in the atmosphere.In this scenario it appears clear that a hospital-orientedComputer Aided Facilities Management (CAFM) has tomanage and provide performance indicators about theenergy consumption and saving, in order to cut the costs forenergy supply, giving useful information to the top man-agement as a decision support system.Thus, the designed application relies on a custom CAFM[1, 2] in order to assess and aggregate data which can bepreviously collected or directly fed in real-time by the sys-tem of energy sensors.2 MethodsSTREAMER is a research project which aims to halve theenergy consumption and the CO2-emissions for new orrenewed hospital facilities in Europe in the next 10 years. Itis co-financed inside the European Project named “Opti-mised design methodologies for energy-efficient buildingsintegrated in the neighborhood energy systems” [3].The Hospital University Campus of Careggi, in Florence(Italy) is one of the four case studies for the STREAMERProject, so its CAFM system has been re-designed in orderto correctly collect and store the energy parameters identifiedwithin the project.First of all, one of the seven STREAMER typologies hasbeen assigned to every single hospital space, to highlight itsefficiency:• Comfort Class• Hygienic Class• Equipment Class• Construction ClassA. Luschi (&)  E. IadanzaDepartment of Information Engineering, University of Florence,Florence, Italye-mail: alessio.luschi@unifi.itE. Iadanzae-mail: ernesto.iadanza@unifi.itR. Di FrancoBachelor’s Degree in Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Florence, Florence, Italye-mail: riccardo.difranco@stud.unifi.itB. TurillazziDepartment of Architecture, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italye-mail: beatrice.turillazzi@unibo.it© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020A. Badnjevic et al. (eds.), CMBEBIH 2019, IFMBE Proceedings 73,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17971-7_62413• User Profile Class• Access Security Class• Bouwcollege Layer Class.Then, by combining the STREAMER typology, thedestination of use and the activity area of the spaces, thefollowing five energy classes have been identified:• Operating Rooms• Intensive Care Units—Surgery Outpatient Clinics—High Speciality Diagnostics (MRI, CT, Angio-CT)—Laboratories• Ward—Low Speciality Diagnostics (radiography, US)• Outpatient Clinics• Offices—Teaching Rooms—Alleys—Other.Each of the above energy classes has its own energyparameters: Winter Temperature, Summer Temperature,Winter Humidity and Summer Humidity.Moreover, other environmental parameters have alsobeen designed, more focused on compliance to legislativestandards (for example Air Ventilation), which are used byexternal facility management applications within the hospital[4–6].Each one of these parameters has its own minimum andmaximum threshold value as reported in Table 1.Once the data have been collected and stored inside thehospital’s CAFM system [7], the main requirement is tohave an efficient managing system in order to update andmonitor the parameters, query a single room (or a group ofthem) or a set of rooms with given attributes (i.e. all therooms with at least one parameter—or a given parameter—outside the threshold range).3 ResultsThe designed system is an HTML5 compliantweb-application with a standard Javascript, jQuery andBootstrap client framework which interacts via AJAX callswith RESTful Web APIs coded using Windows. NET 4.5Framework.The system analyzes a set of real values for the inputparameters and matches them with the theoretical onesassociated with the energy class of a given room. Theseinput real values can be fed to the system directly insertingthem in the database using a data entry form or creating aJSON file and transferring it through a dedicated RESTWeb API, using a HttpPost message. This functionality isdesigned to make the system fully integrable with anythird-party sensors management system (SMS). In fact, bysimply making the WebAPI accessible (via Intranet ofVPN), the SMS could post the properly formatted actualvalues, implementing a conjunct real-time monitoringsystem.The JSON string must have the following format:Table 1 Environmentalparameters related to thedestination of use of the roomsEnergy class WintertemperatureSummertemperatureWinterhumiditySummerhumidityO.R. 22 °C ± 2 °C 22 °C ± 2 °C 50% ± 5% 50% ± 10%ICU/high specialitydiagnostics21 °C ± 1 °C 23 °C ± 1 °C 50% ± 10% 50% ± 10%Ward/low specialitydiagnostics21 °C ± 1 °C 25 °C ± 1 °C 50% ± 10% 50% ± 10%Outpatient 21 °C ± 1 °C 25 °C ± 1 °C 50% ± 10% 50% ± 10%Office/other 21 °C ± 1 °C 25 °C ± 1 °C 50% ± 10% 50% ± 10%{envParameters: [ {ROOM_CODE: <room code according to the CAFM inner room list>, PAR_CODE: <parameter code (WINTERTEMP, SUMMERTEMP …)>, TRIPLE: [<minValue>, <mediumValue>, <maxValue>], MU: <measurement unit>, DATE: <datetime of collection. Format YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss>, OVERRIDE: <whenever the value overrides the current theorical one> }]}414 A. Luschi et al.Room_Code, Par_Code and MU are strings, Triple is anarray of 3 strings, Date is a datetime object while Override isa Boolean value.The comparison between the theoretical values and thereal ones is performed using a dedicated window (Fig. 1).In the upper section the system shows the analyzed roomcode, the Destination of Use of the room together with itsEnergy Class.In the main central section, the environmental parametersare shown, divided by typologies. On the left the currentvalues are shown with the date of collection, with the cor-responding theoretical on the right.The “compliant”, “not compliant” or “warning” iconsrepresent the degree of compliance of the real value to itstheoretical one:• If the range of values for the collected parameter is fullycontained inside the range for the theoretical ones, theicon will be a green tick mark;• If it is only partially enclosed inside the range for thetheoretical parameters, the icon will be a yellow warningsign;• Otherwise, the icon will be a red alert cross.By clicking the Update button, a modal window isopened to edit or input new values for the given row. Thesystem allows a user to override an actual value for a givendate (not necessarily the last collected one). This function isonly available for a granted user, such the Energy Manageror Top Management Office member. User managing isentrusted to the System Administrator, which would add theallowed users to a grant list: the login password is the sameof the local Intranet area, managed via LDAP (LightweightDirectory Access Protocol).A granted user can also override a parameter (or all ofthem) without editing its value by clicking the Validatecheckbox: this makes the real collected valued compliant tothe theoretical range even if the values would not be (manualvalidation functionality) (Fig. 2).The manual validation functionality allows a granted userto validate a parameter which slightly differ from the theo-retical range, but which is assessed to represent a solid andconsistent exception for the analyzed room.The system can also produce a detailed report about thesummary of the compliance of a room, a floor, a premise orthe whole hospital to the energy parameters. A plot of thetime evolution of the minimum, medium and maximumvalues of each parameter is also available (Fig. 3).Fig. 1 Details section. Winterand summer temperaturestogether with winter and summerhumidity are shown. Currentvalues are displayed on the leftcolumn compared with thetheoretical ones on the right sideFig. 2 Modal window with edit and override functionalities. Surveydate and specification of the edited parameters are shown in the header.Minimum, maximum and average values are also displayed belowtogether with the update date and a confirm checkboxSystem for Monitoring Environmental Parameters … 4154 ConclusionThe proposed informative system has proven to be effectiveboth for planning and verifying purposes. In fact, it can beused in development phases to design an efficient layout ofenergy saving according to the destination of use andactivity area of different portions of the hospitals, as well asin a subsequent analysis, to verify the energy consumption inreal-time or catch up, therefore allowing an effective inter-vention plan to improve efficiency wherever it would beneeded.References1. Luschi, A., Miniati, R., Iadanza, E.: A Web based integratedhealthcare facility management system. In: 6th European Confer-ence of the International Federation for Medical and BiologicalEngineering. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 45, pp. 633–636 (2015)2. Iadanza, E., Marzi, L., Dori, F., Gentili, G.B., Torricelli, M.C.:Hospital health care offer. A monitoring multidisciplinar approach.In: World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineer-ing 2006. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 14, pp. 3685–3688 (2007)3. Iadanza, E., Turillazzi, B., Terzaghi, F., et al.: The streamerEuropean project. Case study: Careggi hospital in Florence. In: 6thEuropean Conference of the International Federation for Medicaland Biological Engineering. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 45, pp. 649–652 (2015)4. Iadanza, E., Ottaviani, L., Guidi, G., Luschi, A., Terzaghi, F.:License: web application for monitoring and controlling hospitals’status with respect to legislative standards. In: XIII MediterraneanConference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing2013. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 41, pp. 1887–1890 (2014)5. Iadanza, E., Luschi, A., Ancora, A.: Bed management in hospitalsystems. In: World Congress on Medical Physics and BiomedicalEngineering 2018. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 68/3, pp. 313–316(2019)6. Luschi, A., Monti, M., Iadanza, E.: Assisted reproductive technol-ogy center design with quality function deployment approach. In:World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering,Toronto, Canada, 7–12 June 2015. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 51,pp. 1587–1590 (2015)7. Luschi, A., E., Marzi, L., Miniati, R., Iadanza, E.: A customdecision-support information system for structural and technologicalanalysis in healthcare. In: XIII Mediterranean Conference onMedical and Biological Engineering and Computing 2013. IFMBEProceedings, vol. 41, pp. 1350–1353 (2014)Fig. 3 a Report for thecompliance of rooms grouped byfloor and premise. The pie-charton the left shown the percentageof compliance (green),non-compliance (red) andpartially compliance (yellow) forthe selected building. Tables fordetailed compliance of each roomto the analyzed parameters,grouped for floor, are also shownon the right side. b Reportshowing the time evolution ofminimum (red), medium (blue)and maximum (green) values foreach current parameter of a givenroom. Theorical minimum(orange) and maximum’s (yellow)evolution are also plotted416 A. Luschi et al.

System for Monitoring Environmental Parameters in a Hospital Facility

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System for Monitoring Environmental Parameters in a Hospital Facility

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