GUARNA M.

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Archivio della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Siena

cardiovascular complications. There is an association between thelack of nocturnal dipping and impaired insulin metabolism amongobese adolescents. Little is known about this association amongobese children. The aim was to analyze the relationship betweeninsulin-glucose metabolism and nocturnal dipping in obese children.Methods: We reviewed a cohort of severely obese (BMI SDS = 6.4)girls (n = 58) and boys (n = 57) aged 5–12 years, referredbetween1997 and 2007 to the Centre due to their obesity. Allreferred children were unselectedly included in the study, Measure-ments of ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure, glucose metabolism(FSIVGTT), fasting blood sampling, echocardiography and bodycomposition (DEXA) was performed.Results: Forty percent of the subjects were systolic non-dippers and17% were diastolic non-dippers. Fourteen percent of the childrenhad an elevated fasting glucose level (range 5.6-6.1 mmol/L). Inde-pendently of gender, age, daytime blood pressure and BMI SDS therewas a positive association between systolic dipping and P-glucose(b = 0.23, P < 0.05). Systolic dipping was not associated with anyother measure of insulin or glucose metabolism.Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of nocturnal non-dippingamong severely obese, but otherwise healthy children. Non-dippingwas not associated with the metabolic syndrome. In contrary, therewas a positive association between the nocturnal dipping and fastingglucose. We speculate that the non-dipping children represent a sub-population with a hypothalamic disturbance, leading to a disturbedregulation of blood pressure and plasma glucose levels.Conflict of interest: None disclosed.Funding: Research relating to this abstract was funded by grantsfrom Swedish Research Council (VR, medicine), Swedish council forworking life and social research (FAS) and The Swedish Order ofFreemasons.T1:PO.276Paradoxical role of hunger in ‘reward-driven’ eating:implications for Eating in Absence of Hunger (EAH)phenomenon?Marsaux C2, Finlayson G1 and Blundell J11Institute of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds,Leeds, UK; 2AgroParisTech – Paris Institute of Technology forLife, Food and Environmental Sciences, Paris-Grignon, FranceIntroduction: The EAH paradigm focuses on eating behaviour whenhunger is suppressed and intake can be stimulated by the presence ofhedonic food. We gave satiated subjects the opportunity to eat highreward snack food – with or without prior exposure – and examinedthe role of hunger under these conditions.Methods: Twenty-five subjects consumed a two-course test-meal toself-reported satiety. In the exposure condition, a bowl of highreward snack food was present for the duration of the session(35 minutes). After eating to satiety, subjects in both conditions weregiven access to the snack food while they completed a cognitive task.Snack intake was measured, and hunger was assessed periodicallyusing VAS.Results: Intake of high reward snack food was observed (Exposure:223.0 ± 186.1Kcal; Control: 189.3 ± 150.5 Kcal) and greater afterexposure compared to control (P < 0.05), despite a large reductionin hunger in both conditions (Exposure: –67.6 ± 19.6 cm, P < 0.001;Control: )66.3 ± 20.8cm, P < 0.001). However, even at these post-meal levels, hunger was significantly correlated with snack intake(Exposure: r = 0.444, P < 0.05; Control: r = 0.496, P < 0.05). Thestrongest predictor of intake was mean hunger (Exposure: r = 0.634,P < 0.01; Control: r = 0.677, P < 0.001). When subjects weregrouped by strength of (very low) hunger, palatable food intake wasgreater with high hunger only after exposure (t = 2.9, P < 0.05).Conclusion: Low level of hunger is functional in modulating the eat-ing of palatable food even when people are in a state of satiety aftereating. Satiety therefore implies a low level of hunger and not anabsence. This low hunger can amplify eating to salient hedonic foodstimuli.Conflict of interest: None disclosed.Funding: This study was funded by Biotechnology and BiologicalSciences Research Council Grant Number BB/G530141/1.T1:PO.277Electron microscopy uncovers nerve fibers close toindividual human white adipocytes from subcutaneousdepotsGuarna MDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Siena, ItalyIntroduction: The White Adipose Tissue (WAT) nerve supply and itsdistribution have been the subject of morphological investigations byhistochemical methods,in several animal species .However,study ofnerve distribution in human white depots at transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM)) level wich allows a greater resolution than thedifferent optical microscopy techniques previously employed,havestill not been carried out .This is an important issue, being the possi-ble mediation of lipolysis via increases in the sympathetic drive toWAT hinged on strong evidence of the SNS innervation of this tis-sue.Methods: For the morphological study,archived skin biopsies,embed-ded in resin,already examined and tested negative for the presence ofpatological features of inborn neurometabolic disorders,wereused.Semithin sections showing the presence of localized fat accumu-lation in subcutaneous layer were selected,and ultrathin sectionswere cut,stained by routinely TEM procedures and observed under aCM 10 TEM (Philips).Results: Small nerve fascicles made of unmyelinated nerve fiberswere scattered in the connettival space among groups of adypo-cytes and small arterioles. Single unmyelinated nerve fibers madeof few axons, only partially covered by Schwann cells, and con-taining vesicles, mostly of dense core type, were observed quitefrequently near to single adypocyte membrane and unrelated toblood vessels.Conclusion: Our morhological findings, together with previouslyreported in vivo increase of adipose tissue lipolysis upon nerve stimu-lation in human inguinal district, suggest that nerve fibres, probablyof sympathetic origin, travelling in cutaneous nerve fascicles coudexert regulatory influence on subcutaneous fat tissue in humans.Conflict of interest: None disclosed paymement received by anyoneFunding: The research relating to this abstract was funded by Ser-vice Fundus of University of Siena, Italy.T1:PO.278Hepatic lipid accumulation was prevented by the fishoil feedingHirako S, Kim H-J, Shimizu S, Chiba H and Matsumoto AFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama,JapanIntroduction: We previously demonstrated that 20% energy fish oilfeeding prevented hepatic lipids accumulation in mice loaded 2%cholesterol (Hirako et al. J Nutr Biochem. 2009). In this study, weexamined interactive effects of 2 or 5% energy fish oil and 2% cho-lesterol feeding.Methods: Female C57BL/6J mice were given free access to the eachdiet for 8 week; SO diet consisted of 20% safflower oil, 2FO dietconsisted of 2% fish oil plus 18% safflower oil, 5FO diet consistedof 5% fish oil plus 15% safflower oil, and SO/CH, 2FO/CH, 5FO/CH are consisted of SO, 2FO, 5FO with 2%cholesterol. Bloodª 2010 The AuthorsJournal Compilation ª 2010 The International Association for the Study of Obesity. obesity reviews 11 (Suppl. 1) (2010) 1–472obesity reviews Posters: Basic Science 171____________________________________________________________________________________

Electron microscopy uncovers nerve fibers close to individual human white adipocytes from subcutaneous depots

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Electron microscopy uncovers nerve fibers close to individual human white adipocytes from subcutaneous depots

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