Fall armyworm has become an endemic pest across Africa and Asia. International efforts enabled monitoring and surveillance and dissemination of sustainable and affordable Integrated Pest Management and breeding-based solutions. Control strategies that combined intercropping, crop rotation and adjusting planting/harvesting dates have proved promising. Within 2 years, CIMMYT made available FAW-tolerant hybrids for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In 2021, National Agricultural Research System (NARS) partners started national performance trials. In Asia, smallholder extension efforts in Bangladesh reached 187,000 farmers during 2020-2021

CGIAR Research Program on Maize

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Reporting 2021 EvidencesEvidencesStudy #4600Contributing Projects:     ● P2097 - Fighting back against fall armyworm (FAW) in Bangladesh     ● P2140 - Breeding for native genetic resistance to FAW in maize germplasm adapted to easternAfrica YB     ● P2142 - Breeding for resistance to FAW in southern Africa     ● P1847 - validate available conventionally developed lines for resistance/tolerance to FAW toidentify key lines for hybrid development     ● P2141 - Breeding for native genetic resistance to FAW in maize germplasm adapted to easternAfrica- DM     ● P1235 - Broadening the Genetic Diversity of FAW resistance in White Maize Germplasm Adaptedto sub-Saharan Africa (GMP Challenge Contest winner)     ● P1894 - Initiate a pilot work on the use of digital imaging for quantification of maize leaf/canopydamage by FAW     ● P1983 - Breeding for native genetic resistance to FAW in CIMMYT's African mid-altitude maizegermplasm     ● P1998 - Coordinating and implementing IPM R4D against Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Africa andAsia, and implementing MLN management in Africa and LatAm     ● P1982 - Stacking MLN resistance, SPT, and FAW tolerance in elite hybrids     ● P2161 - Implementing an IPM-based strategy for FAW control in Africa and Asia, and MLNmanagement in Africa     ● P1874 - Strengthening capacity of breeding for native genetic resistance to FAW in ESA     ● P1297 - Identifying/developing Improved Tropical Maize Germplasm with Native Resistance toFall Armyworm (FAW) in Sub-Saharan Africa     ● P1850 - Discovery of genomic regions for resistance to FAW in Africa.     ● P1227 - Fall Army Worm (FAW) ResponsePart I: Public communicationsType: OICR: Outcome Impact Case ReportStatus: CompletedYear: 2021Title: Collective efforts to fight fall armyworm (FAW) led to FAW-tolerant varieties in only 2 years anddedicated IPM extension efforts reaching 187,000 farmersShort outcome/impact statement:Fall armyworm has become an endemic pest across Africa and Asia. International efforts enabledmonitoring and surveillance and dissemination of sustainable and affordable Integrated PestManagement and breeding-based solutions. Control strategies that combined intercropping, croprotation and adjusting planting/harvesting dates have proved promising. Within 2 years, CIMMYTmade available FAW-tolerant hybrids for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In 2021, National AgriculturalResearch System (NARS) partners started national performance trials. In Asia, smallholder extensionefforts in Bangladesh reached 187,000 farmers during 2020-2021.1This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)Reporting 2021 EvidencesOutcome story for communications use:The fall armyworm (FAW) is an invasive pest that affects more than 80 different crops, with a particularpreference for maize. Native to the Americas, it was first reported in Africa in 2016 and quickly spreadthroughout the continent. It reached India in 2018, then many other countries across Asia and thePacific and reached Australia in 2020. FAW has become an endemic pest across much of Africa andAsia.Major international efforts led by FAO, CIMMYT, CABI and USAID and involving many nationalpartners, initiated monitoring and surveillance actions, as well as developing and promotingsustainable and affordable Integrated Pest Management and breeding-based solutions. R esearchersconcluded that using a diverse combination of tactics is the best way to manage FAW safely,effectively, and sustainably in SSA, while minimizing the use of broad-spectrum insecticides. Moregenerally, the promotion of affordable, accessible and ecologically friendly control strategies areneeded (Abro et al, 2021) https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.281 (2021, CABI).Control strategies that combine intercropping maize, crop rotation, soil fertility, and adjusting datesfor planting and harvesting have proved promising. Because of their low cost and safety, theseapproaches particularly suit smallholder farmers in SSA.Within two years, CIMMYT (2020) combined insect-resistant maize germplasm from Mexico andUSDA-ARS germplasm with stress-resilient maize germplasm from SSA. In December 2020, CIMMYTannounced the release of fall armyworm tolerant hybrids. In 2021, NARS partners started nationalperformance trials, which will be followed by variety release and registration by public and privatesector seed companies for the deployment in eastern and southern Africa. Similar activities by IITA inWest Africa and ICRISAT in Southern Africa (for sorghum) complement germplasm-based efforts.Another solution is the introgesion of Bt maize via the TELA Project, a public-private partnership ledby the African Agriculture Technology Foundation. The aim is to provide SSA smallholder farmers withBt maize producing four or more distinct and highly effective Bt toxins that will provide sustainablecontrol of this pest, with the potential for benefits lasting decades.The Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia’s (CSISA) co-support of the USAID/Bangladesh Missionand Michigan State University-funded FAW Activity in Bangladesh reached 187,000 farmers wit FAWIntegrated Pest Management advice in collaboration with the Bangladesh Department of AgricultureExtension (DAE)Links to any communications materials relating to this outcome:    ● https://tinyurl.com/ybr24u75    ● https://tinyurl.com/yb6yv7hd    ● https://tinyurl.com/y76xm6b2    ● https://tinyurl.com/ya6tudty    ● https://tinyurl.com/y8ftc8sz    ● https://tinyurl.com/yauu5236    ● https://tinyurl.com/y79swsxe    ● https://tinyurl.com/y7ga6k4n    ● https://www.cimmyt.org/multimedia/in-case-of-fall-armyworm-watch-this-video/Part II: CGIAR system level reporting2This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)Reporting 2021 EvidencesLink to Common Results Reporting Indicator of Policies : NoStage of maturity of change reported: Stage 1Links to the Strategic Results Framework:Sub-IDOs:    ● Adoption of CGIAR materials with enhanced genetic gains    ● Increase capacity of beneficiaries to adopt research outputsIs this OICR linked to some SRF 2022/2030 target?: YesSRF 2022/2030 targets:    ● Increased rate of yield for major food staples from current 1%/year    ● # of more farm households have adopted improved varieties, breeds or treesDescription of activity / study: <Not Defined>Geographic scope:    ● National    ● RegionalRegion(s):     ● Sub-Saharan Africa     ● Southern AsiaCountry(ies):     ● BangladeshComments: <Not Defined>Key Contributors:Contributing CRPs/Platforms:     ● Maize - MaizeContributing Flagships:     ● FP3: Stress Tolerant and Nutritious MaizeContributing Regional programs: <Not Defined>Contributing external partners:     ● IITA - International Institute of Tropical Agriculture     ● ICRISAT - International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics     ● DAE - Department of Agriculture Extension (Bangladesh)     ● FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations     ● CABI - Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International     ● USAID - U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentCGIAR innovation(s) or findings that have resulted in this outcome or impact:Sustainable and affordable Integrated Pest Management & breeding-based solutions (FAW-toleranthybrids)Innovations: <Not Defined>3This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)Reporting 2021 EvidencesElaboration of Outcome/Impact Statement:The Fall Armyworm Challenge Survey conducted in Kenya showed that about a third of the (maize)harvest was lost, confirming estimates from other socio-economic surveys. Perceived yield losses bymaize farmers stood at 40% (range 25–50%; Ghana) and 45% (22–67%; Zambia). Extrapolating theresults, MAIZE scientists estimated that FAW in Africa might cause maize yield losses ranging from 8.3to 20.6 million tons p.a., valued at US$ 2.4–6.2 billion, if left uncontrolled.Researchers concluded that using a diverse combination of tactics is the best way to manage fallarmyworm safely, effectively and sustainably in sub-Saharan Africa, while minimizing use ofbroad-spectrum insecticides. Control strategies that combine intercropping maize, crop rotation, soilfertility, and adjusting planting and harvesting dates have proved promising. Because of their low costand safety, these approaches particularly suit smallholder farmers in SSA. At two field sites in Ghana(2018-2019), the FAW damage score was 68% lower and maize yield was 47% higher in push–pullplots than control plots of maize alone (Yeboah et al. 2021).Withn two years, CIMMYT combined insect-resistant maize germplasm from Mexico and USDA-ARSgermplasm with stress-resilient maize germplasm from SSA. In screenhouse trials conducted in Kenya(2020; under artificial infestation), mean grain yield was eight times higher for 3 FAW-tolerant hybrids(7.9 tons per ha) compared to 2 susceptible commercial hybrids. In December 2020, CIMMYTannounced the release of fall armyworm tolerant hybrids. In 2021, NARS partners started nationalperformance trials, upon which variety release trials and public and private sector seed companies'new varieties' registration will follow, for deployment in eastern and southern Africa. Similar activitiesby IITA in West Africa and ICRISAT in Southern Africa (for sorghum) complement thosegermplasm-based efforts. NARS in sub-Saharan Africa (especially Uganda & Malawi) have alsoinitiated germplasm screening to identify tolerant/resistance materials.Another solution pathway is the introgression of Bt maize as part of the TELA Project, a public-privatepartnership led by the African Agriculture Technology Foundation (AATF). Bt maize that produces 4 ormore distinct Bt toxins highly effective against FAW could provide sustainable control of this pest, withthe potential for benefits lasting decades.The Cereal Systems in South Asia (CSISA Phase III) projects' support of the USAID/Bangladesh andMichigan State University-funded Activity has been extremely successful. Initially targeting 33,000farmers and extension agents, they trained 187,000 farmers in Integrated Pest Management, incollaboration with the Bangladesh Department of Agriculture Extension.4This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)Reporting 2021 EvidencesReferences cited:•[1] L.M. Burtet et al, Managing fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), withBt maize and insecticides in southern Brazil (https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4660)•[2] Spread and impact of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) in maize production areasof Kenya, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2019.106804)•[3] Fall armyworm-related information on IITA website(https://www.iita.org/search_gcse/?q=fall%20armyworm)•[4] J.S. Bale et al, Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature oninsect herbivores (https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00451.x)•[5] J.E. Huesing et al, Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management, CIMMYT,USAID, México (2018), pp. 1-9 (https://tinyurl.com/236dkekz)•[6] Eshome Kumela et al, Farmers' knowledge, perceptions, and management practices of the newinvasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya, International Journal ofPest Management (https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2017.1423129)•[7] P. Abrahams et al, Fall Armyworm: Impacts and Implications for Africa Evidence Note (2),September 2017 (https://tinyurl.com/2bugd57c)•[8] Fall armyworm-related information on CIMMYT website(https://www.cimmyt.org/tag/fall-armyworm/)•[9] F. Baudron et al, Understanding the factors influencing fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.Smith) damage in African smallholder maize fields and quantifying its impact on yield. A case study inEastern Zimbabwe (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.01.028)Quantification: <Not Defined>Gender, Youth, Capacity Development and Climate Change:Gender relevance: 1 - SignificantMain achievements with specific Gender relevance: applied research about gender differences inaccess to and use of FAW-relevant farm inputs and resources (for example Gender Platform briefing:https://gender.cgiar.org/news-events/how-do-we-sustainably-manage-transboundary-diseases-and-crop-pests; project partner CABI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140015; FtF Lab on IPM:https://vtx.vt.edu/articles/2021/08/outreach-Bangladeshagriculture.html?utm_source=cmpgn_news&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=vtUnirelNewsDailyCMP_081821-fs;https://agrilinks.org/post/nepali-women-improve-inclusive-access-inputs-insights-field).Youth relevance: 0 - Not TargetedCapDev relevance: 1 - SignificantMain achievements with specific CapDev relevance: training provided to farmers for alternative andsustainable management practices, see 187,000 in Bangladesh. MAIZE training database lists 13train-the-trainer events in Bangladesh & 3 PhD/Master students working on fall armyworm-relatedresearch.Climate Change relevance: 1 - SignificantDescribe main achievements with specific Climate Change relevance: Climate change is a significantfactor driving the spread of pests and diseases, along with increasing global trade. Climate change canaffect the population size, survival rate and geographical distribution of pests; and the intensity,development and geographical distribution of diseases.Other cross-cutting dimensions: No5This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)Reporting 2021 EvidencesOther cross-cutting dimensions description: <Not Defined>Outcome Impact Case Report link: Study #4600Contact person:Hugo De Groote Socio Economic Analist h.degroote@cgiar.org6This report was generated on 2022-08-19 at 07:57 (GMT+0)

Collective efforts to fight fall armyworm (FAW) led to FAW-tolerant varieties in only 2 years and dedicated IPM extension efforts reaching 187,000 farmers

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Collective efforts to fight fall armyworm (FAW) led to FAW-tolerant varieties in only 2 years and dedicated IPM extension efforts reaching 187,000 farmers

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