当前,我国处于食品安全风险高发期和矛盾凸显期。新《食品安全法》确立的“社会共治”模式反映的是一种利益关系,实质是以“公共利益”为取向的政府主导型治理,其他参与治理主体被悄然边缘化且正当利益被疏离,协同效应无法实现。利益均衡,不仅是参与共治主体间动态上权利、利益的公平,也是主观认识上的一种均衡。食品安全治理的域外考察与利益均衡的正当性分析,凸显了重构权力与权利资源的合理配置并兼顾多元利益的妥当。在契约精神下,通过企业、公权力、公众理性协商下的利益协同与主体间内部利益的理性认同,来完善政府与社会力量的规范性治理,以寻求利益均衡成为食品安全治理政策演进的一种价值旨归。Currently, China is in the period of high risk of food safety and of prominent contradictions. The ＂social co-governance＂ model established by the new Law of Food Safety reflects a relationship of interests. However, the essence of it is the government-based governance with the ＂public interests＂ as its orientation. Meanwhile, the other governing subjects that participate in it are quietly marginalized and their legitimate interests are alienated and dissimilated; therefore, synergistic effect cannot be achieved. Equilibrium of interests is not only a matter of dynamic fairness of the rights and interests of the governing subjects that participate in it, but also a balance of subjective cognition. Extraterritorial investigation of food safety control and the analysis of the legitimacy of interest balance highlight the rational allocation of reorganization power and right resources and the appropriateness by taking account of pluralistic interests. Under the spirit of contract, through the enterprises, public power, the coordination of interests under public rational consultation and the rational recognition of internal interests among the governing subjects, we are able to shape the normative governance between the government and the social forces to seek the balance of interests, which has become the ultimate value in the gradual progress of food safety governance policies.江西省社会科学规划项目“政府与民办高校新型互动关系研究--以有限政府理论为视角”（项目编号：15JY28）;江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目“基于大数据的互联网商业模式创新研究”（项目编号：GJJ151181
