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Synthesis and Properties of Platinum-based Nano-cactalysts of High Activity and Durability for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Abstract

成本和寿命是制约质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)发展的两个重要问题。其中电池成本又可以通过延长使用寿命进行降低。因此,延长电池寿命是提升燃料电池整体性能的一个有效途径。氧还原反应(ORR)是燃料电池的阴极反应,由于其反应动力学迟缓,导致阴极极化严重。PEMFC工作中出现30%~40%的电压损失主要来自阴极ORR。与阳极氢气氧化相比,ORR需要更多的铂催化剂。因此提高阴极ORR催化剂的性能,尤其耐久性,是提升燃料电池的整体性能,降低燃料电池成本的重要途径。铂是目前最好的氧还原催化剂,鉴于铂的不可替代性,在近期及未来很长一段时间内,铂基催化剂仍将是质子交换膜燃料电池的主要催化剂。因此,研究和开发具...Cost and lifetime are two important issues restricting the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Improving the durability of catalyst is an effective way to improve the overall performance of the fuel cell, since it can reduce the cost simultaneously. Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the cathode reaction of PEMFC. The sluggish kinetics of ORR results in serious cathode polar...学位:理学博士院系专业:化学化工学院_物理化学(含化学物理)学号:2052009015333

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