摘要 谈起组织氛围，每个人都不会陌生，人们在不同的环境中会体验到不同的氛围，从这个角度看，组织氛围有其客观存在性；然而组织氛围往往要通过组织成员的主观感受表达出来，从这个角度看，组织氛围又有其主观内在性。通过以往的研究文献回顾，我们发现：经过将近八十年的关于组织氛围的研究，学界依然没有就组织氛围是什么，如何形成等方面达成一致。在以往的研究过程里始终没有把组织氛围的客观存在性和主观感受性很好地统一起来。主流认知学派多将组织氛围当作是组织成员对客观环境的认知结果，但是没有进一步发现组织中的统一的认知、情感和行为是如何形成的。 本文将以德国现象学家施密茨的身体情感现象学视角来解读组织氛围的形...Abstract Study of organizational climate has a very long history in management, but what is organizational climate and how it forms remains unknown. As the researches in this field are restricted to traditional cognition psychology. The phenomenon of organizational climate features with dual attributes, namely internal subjectivity and external objectivity, and therefore can’t be thoroughly revea...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院_企业管理学号：1762013115129

孙鹏飞

Xiamen University Institutional Repository

 学校编码：10384                                          分类号    密级       学号：17620131151296                                      UDC                     硕士学位论文    组织氛围的呈现及其层次关系——基于身体情感现象学视角研究  Organizational Climate: Its Appearance and Hierarchical Relationship——A Perspective from the Body-Emotion Theory of Hermann Schmitz’s New Phenomenology 孙鹏飞  指导教师姓名： 李 卫 东 教 授 专 业 名 称： 企  业  管  理 论文提交日期： 2016 年 4 月 论文答辩时间： 2016 年   月 学位授予日期： 2016 年   月 答辩委员会主席：           评    阅    人：           2016年 4月 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库     厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库    厦门大学学位论文原创性声明 本人呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下，独立完成的研究成果。本人在论文写作中参考其他个人或集体已经发表的研究成果，均在文中以适当方式明确标明，并符合法律规范和《厦门大学研究生学术活动规范（试行）》。 另外，该学位论文为（                            ）课题（组）的研究成果，获得（               ）课题（组）经费或实验室的资助，在（               ）实验室完成。（请在以上括号内填写课题或课题组负责人或实验室名称，未有此项声明内容的，可以不作特别声明。）  声明人（签名）：                                                                                                  年    月    日     厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库  厦门大学学位论文著作权使用声明 本人同意厦门大学根据《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》等规定保留和使用此学位论文，并向主管部门或其指定机构送交学位论文（包括纸质版和电子版），允许学位论文进入厦门大学图书馆及其数据库被查阅、借阅。本人同意厦门大学将学位论文加入全国博士、硕士学位论文共建单位数据库进行检索，将学位论文的标题和摘要汇编出版，采用影印、缩印或者其它方式合理复制学位论文。 本学位论文属于： （     ）1.经厦门大学保密委员会审查核定的保密学位论文，于 年  月  日解密，解密后适用上述授权。 （     ）2.不保密，适用上述授权。 （请在以上相应括号内打“√”或填上相应内容。保密学位论文应是已经厦门大学保密委员会审定过的学位论文，未经厦门大学保密委员会审定的学位论文均为公开学位论文。此声明栏不填写的，默认为公开学位论文，均适用上述授权。）  声明人（签名）：         年   月   日  厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库摘要   摘  要  谈起组织氛围，每个人都不会陌生，人们在不同的环境中会体验到不同的氛围，从这个角度看，组织氛围有其客观存在性；然而组织氛围往往要通过组织成员的主观感受表达出来，从这个角度看，组织氛围又有其主观内在性。通过以往的研究文献回顾，我们发现：经过将近八十年的关于组织氛围的研究，学界依然没有就组织氛围是什么，如何形成等方面达成一致。在以往的研究过程里始终没有把组织氛围的客观存在性和主观感受性很好地统一起来。主流认知学派多将组织氛围当作是组织成员对客观环境的认知结果，但是没有进一步发现组织中的统一的认知、情感和行为是如何形成的。 本文将以德国现象学家施密茨的身体情感现象学视角来解读组织氛围的形成和呈现过程，在呈现过程中把组织氛围分为四个层次，并阐述层次之间有着从高到低的依次影响作用。 本文的研究结论可以归结为以下几点：（1）我们把在特定时间，特定地点由特定的情境作用而引发的组织成员的现象学意义上的身体共振称作现场动力，共同的情感正是在现场动力的作用下形成的，所以现场动力是组织氛围形成的背后的动因。（2）组织氛围的本质在于情感。（3）组织氛围呈现为现场动力、共同情感、共同认知和共同行为四个层次，并且层次之间是有依次规定的影响作用的。 在理论方面本研究可以丰富组织氛围理论的研究视角，补充组织氛围研究领域中现象学视角的空白。从理论的梳理和现象的剖析中找到组织氛围形成的原因和组织氛围的本质，同时提出组织氛围的呈现层次之间是有着规定作用的。在实践方面，为企业营造适合自身企业的组织氛围及创新管理方式提供建议。  关键词：组织氛围; 层次；现象学视角  厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库ABSTRACT  Abstract Study of organizational climate has a very long history in management, but what is organizational climate and how it forms remains unknown. As the researches in this field are restricted to traditional cognition psychology. The phenomenon of organizational climate features with dual attributes, namely internal subjectivity and external objectivity, and therefore can’t be thoroughly revealed in cognitive science which has been faced with a dilemma of dualism. In the past research process has not put the objective existence of the organizational climate and subjective feeling together. By introducing a perspective from Hermann Schmitz’s New Phenomenology, we interpret the formation of organizational climate, we can reveal the emotional nature of organization atmosphere and find the causes of formation of the organization. Finally we find the hierarchies of the dimension in organizational atmosphere. Organizational climate is divided into four layers, and these layers have influence in turn from high to low. In this paper, the research conclusion can be summed up to the following points: Body interaction effect which is redefined in the theory of Herman Schmitz’s body-emotion phenomenology is the origin of emotion. Body interaction effect is before cognition process. We name body interaction effect that is in a specific time and specific location which are effected by the specific situation in the organization as on-site power. What’s more, on-site power is the origin of the common emotion. The nature of organization atmosphere is emotion. Organization atmosphere is divided into on-site power, common emotional, common cognitive and common behavior four layers and the high layer affects the low layer. In the aspect of theory, this paper provides a new perspective to the research of organizational climate. From the phenomena analysis we finally find the nature of the organizational climate. Also we find that the dimensions of organization climate have hierarchical relationships. On the practical aspect, the results can give advices to enterprises to build the organizational climate and innovate management.Key words: organizational climate; hierarchical relationship; perspectives of phenomenology.   厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库目 录  目 录 1 绪论 ................................................... 1 1.1 研究背景 .................................................... 1 1.1.1 现实背景 ................................................ 1 1.1.2 理论背景 ................................................ 1 1.2 研究目的和研究意义 .......................................... 4 1.2.1 研究目的 ................................................ 4 1.2.2 理论意义 ................................................ 5 1.2.3 现实意义 ................................................ 5 1.3 研究思路和研究方法 .......................................... 6 1.3.1 研究思路 ................................................ 6 1.3.2 研究方法 ................................................ 7 2 组织氛围研究综述 ....................................... 9 2.1 文献检索说明 ................................................ 9 2.2 组织氛围的定义 ............................................. 10 2.3 组织氛围的形成 ............................................. 13 2.4 组织氛围的特征维度 ......................................... 15 2.5 组织氛围的研究评述 ......................................... 16 3 理论模型的构建 ........................................ 19 3.1 具身理论及现象学的基本观点 ................................. 19 3.1.1 存在意义的身体和物我统一观 ............................. 19 3.1.2 现象学意义上的身体的运动形式 ........................... 19 3.1.3 情感交流的本质 ......................................... 20 3.1.4 气氛的情感本质 ......................................... 21 3.2 组织氛围的现场动力层次 ..................................... 21 3.3 组织氛围的共同情感层次 ..................................... 24 3.4 组织氛围的共同认知层次 ..................................... 30 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库目 录  3.5 组织氛围的共同行为层次 ..................................... 31 3.6 组织氛围的存在方式 ......................................... 33 3.7 理论模型 ................................................... 34 4 研究方法：案例研究 .................................... 36 4.1 研究方法的确认 ............................................. 36 4.2 案例研究样本的选择 ......................................... 37 4.3 案例资料的搜集整理 ......................................... 37 4.4 案例资料整理分析说明 ....................................... 39 4.5 案例分析的信度和效度 ....................................... 40 5 案例分析与讨论 ........................................ 42 5.1 组织氛围关键事件的选择 ..................................... 42 5.2 关键事件分析：公司成立前期 ................................. 42 5.2.1 关键事件 1：为 AppleⅡ电脑项目获得投资 .................. 42 5.2.2 事件发生链条图 ......................................... 45 5.2.3 关键事件的具体分析 ..................................... 46 5.2.4 综合分析 ............................................... 47 5.3 关键事件分析：公司衰落之前 ................................. 49 5.3.1 关键事件 2：我们当海盗吧................................ 49 5.3.2 事件发生链条图 ......................................... 50 5.3.3 关键事件的具体分析 ..................................... 50 5.3.4 综合分析 ............................................... 51 5.4 关键事件分析：公司的新发展 ................................. 52 5.4.1 关键事件 3：iPod 项目会议 ............................... 52 5.4.2 事件发生链条图 ......................................... 54 5.4.3 关键事件的具体分析 ..................................... 55 5.4.4 综合分析 ............................................... 56 6 研究结果分析与讨论 .................................... 58 6.1 命题印证情况 ............................................... 58 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库目 录  6.2 案例分析结果对理论的补充 ................................... 59 6.2.1 情感的持续性 ........................................... 59 6.2.2 个体对融入氛围产生抵制 ................................. 60 6.3 研究启示 ................................................... 60 6.4 研究不足与展望 ............................................. 61 参考文献 ............................................... 63 致 谢 .................................................. 68     厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库CONTENTS  Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Realistic Background .............................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Theoretical Background .......................................................................... 1 1.2 Research Purpose and Significance ............................................................... 4 1.2.1 Research Purpose .................................................................................... 4 1.2.2 Theoretical Significance ......................................................................... 5 1.2.3 Realistic Significance.............................................................................. 5 1.3 Research Content and Methods ..................................................................... 6 1.3.1 Research Content .................................................................................... 6 1.3.2 Research Methods ................................................................................... 7 2 Literature Review .................................................................................. 9 2.1 Literature Search Interpretation ................................................................... 9 2.2 Definition of Organizational Climate .......................................................... 10 2.3 Formation of Organizational Climate ......................................................... 13 2.4 Characteristic Dimension of Organizational Climate ............................... 15 2.6 Summary and Commentary......................................................................... 16 3 Theoretical Framework ....................................................................... 19 3.1 The basic opinion of phenomenology .......................................................... 19 3.1.1 One-dimensional Idea of Body Theory ................................................ 19 3.1.2 Movement Form of Body ................................................................... 19 3.1.3 Nature of Emotional Communication  ................................................ 20 3.1.4 Nature of Climate is Emotion  ............................................................ 21 3.2 On-site Power ................................................................................................ 21 3.3 Common Emotion ......................................................................................... 24 3.4 Common Sense .............................................................................................. 30 3.5 Common Behavior ........................................................................................ 31 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库CONTENTS  3.6 Form of Existence of Organizational Climate ............................................ 33 3.7 Theory Model ................................................................................................ 34 4 Research Method: Case Study ............................................................ 36 4.1 The Reason to Choose Single Case Study ................................................... 36 4.2 Collection of Case  ........................................................................................ 37 4.3 Collection of Case Information .................................................................... 37 4.4 Instructions for Analysis ............................................................................... 39 4.5 Research Reliability and Validity ................................................................ 30 5 Case Study and Discussion .................................................................. 42 5.1 Choose Key Event ......................................................................................... 42 5.2 Process Analysis: Early Period of Company .............................................. 42 5.2.1 Key Event 1: Get Investment for AppleⅡ ........................................... 42 5.2.2 The Logical Chain ................................................................................ 45 5.2.3 Detailed Analysis of Key Events .......................................................... 46 5.2.4 Analysis by Synthesis ........................................................................... 47 5.3 Process Analysis:  Before Decline ............................................................... 49 5.3.1 Key Event 2:Let Us Be Pirates ............................................................. 49 5.3.2 The Logical Chain ................................................................................. 50 5.3.3 Detailed Analysis of Key Events .......................................................... 50 5.3.4 Analysis by Synthesis ........................................................................... 51 5.4 Process Analysis: New Development of Company ..................................... 52 5.4.1 Key Event 3:Project Meeting of ipod ................................................... 52 5.4.2 The Logical Chain ................................................................................. 54 5.4.3 Detailed Analysis of Key Events .......................................................... 55 5.4.4 Analysis by Synthesis ........................................................................... 56 6 Analysis and The Discussion of Propositions .................................... 58 6.1 Proposition Verification ................................................................................ 58 6.2 The Supplement of Theories ........................................................................ 59 6.2.1 Sustainability of Emotion ..................................................................... 59 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库   Degree papers are in the “Xiamen University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Database”.  Fulltexts are available in the following ways: 1. If your library is a CALIS member libraries, please log on http://etd.calis.edu.cn/ and submit requests online, or consult the interlibrary loan department in your library. 2. For users of non-CALIS member libraries, please mail to etd@xmu.edu.cn for delivery details. 厦门大学博硕士论文摘要库

Organizational Climate: Its Appearance and Hierarchical Relationship——A Perspective from the Body-Emotion Theory of Hermann Schmitz’s New Phenomenology

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Organizational Climate: Its Appearance and Hierarchical Relationship——A Perspective from the Body-Emotion Theory of Hermann Schmitz’s New Phenomenology

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