This paper describes and gives the results of an experiment to measure the D.C. and ULF (0.1 to 1 Hz) relative impedance in sea water of several materials considered as possible electrodes for a submerged electric dipole antenna. The results of the ac and dc impedance tests are given for Ag, Al, C, Cy, Ni, Pb, Pt, Sn, Ti, W, Zn and Stainless Steel, in the form of potential difference vs current and impedance vs frequency curves. Tests concerning the relative receiving impedance of Silver Silver-Chloride, Platinum Platinum-Black, carbon and zinc electrodes are reported. A comparison is made between the submerged magnetic loop and electric dipole antennas for characteristics of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, antenna gain, and noise. Based on the analytical and experimental results obtained recommendations are made to further test the impedance and noise characteristics of the Silver Silver-Chloride, Platinum Platinum- Black and carbon electrodes.http://archive.org/details/investigationofe00dearLieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited
