The first of three panels in the exhibit that provide general historical highlights about the Dory Fleet, panel two features a timeline of events from 1855 to 1935. It incorporates a section from the Oregon House Calendar of 1927, chronicling the introduction and passage of House Bill 282. This legislation closed the Nestucca River to commercial fishing. The panel also includes an excerpt from the 1927 version of the Oregon Voters’ Pamphlet that describes an initiative to overturn the legislative action.https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit/1001/thumbnail.jp

Marshall, Brenda DeVore

Marshall, Tyrone

English

DigitalCommons@Linfield

Linfield College DigitalCommons@Linfield Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Launching through the Surf: The Dory Fleet of Pacific City 1-1-2014 Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Panel 02: Historical Highlights Tyrone Marshall Linfield College Brenda DeVore Marshall Linfield College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit  Part of the Cultural History Commons, Oral History Commons, Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Marshall, Tyrone and Marshall, Brenda DeVore, "Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Panel 02: Historical Highlights" (2014). Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit. 8. https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit/8 This Exhibit Panel is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It is brought to you for free via open access, courtesy of DigitalCommons@Linfield, with permission from the rights-holder(s). Your use of this Exhibit Panel must comply with the Terms of Use for material posted in DigitalCommons@Linfield, or with other stated terms (such as a Creative Commons license) indicated in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, or if you have questions about permitted uses, please contact digitalcommons@linfield.edu. Pacific City Arts AssociationLaunching through the Surf: The Dory Fleet of Pacific CityProject Director   Brenda DeVore MarshallProject Collaborators—Faculty   Janet Gupton   Tyrone Marshall   Jackson Miller   Kathleen SpringProject Collaborators—Students   Casee Clark   Cassidy Davis   Daphne Dossett   Chris Forrer   Jennifer Layton   Caitlyn Olson   Stephanie Raso   Andrea Snyder   Whitney WeberProject Assistants—Students   Rhianna Bennett   Mary Beth Jones   Gabrielle Leif   Alicia SchnellProject PartnersLinfield Department of Theatre and Communication ArtsLinfield Jereld R. Nicholson Library Linfield Center for the NorthwestPacific City Arts AssociationPacific City Dorymen’s AssociationDory Fleet LiaisonDave LarkinsExhibit DesignTyrone MarshallBrenda DeVore MarshallDepartment of Theatre and Communication ArtsLinfield Jereld R. Nicholson LibraryLinfield Center for the Northwest© 2014 Historical Highlights1855 - A treaty, negotiated by Joel Palmer, Superintendent of Indian Affairs in Oregon Territory, relegated Native Americans, including members of the Nestugga, Tillamook, Clatsop, and Nehalem tribes to a reservation in the Lit-tle Nestucca River Valley. The Native Americans established a fish culture  fo-cused on salmon. 1876 - Native Americans left the Nestucca Valley when the 1855 agreement was rescinded in order to allow Anglo-American settlers to homestead the area. As the region was populated, fishing and farming grounded the local economy and culture. Fishing was done primarily on the Nestucca River with gill nets. Some fisher-men attempted to cross the treacherous Nestucca Bar to reach the ocean.1881 - Joe and Mary Woods founded the village of Woods.1882 - A road was built from Grand Ronde to the Nestucca Valley.1884 - Thomas Malaney homesteaded 145 acres of land located inside the horseshoe that was  shaped by the Nestucca River.   He platted the proposed summer resort community of Ocean Park along the bank of the river directly across from Woods.1886 - The Linewebber and Brown Packing Company built a cannery on Nestucca Bay near Oretown. It operated from 1887-1889. The cannery was closed until 1899.  During this time fishermen took their fish directly to the Willamette Valley (mostly Yamhill County) or sold to peddlers who did the same. 1893 - The town of Ocean Park was recorded in the official abstracts. 1894 - In the winter, a major flood completely covered Ocean Park. Although lots had been sold, buildings had not been constructed. Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), or silver salmon as the dory fishers of Pacific City fondly refer to them, have always been the premiere fish of the fleet. Fishing fortunes have risen and fallen in sync with the fate of the silvers. Even today if one is “re-ally” fishing, one is angling for silvers.11925/1926 - El Nino returned to the northern Pacific and  salmon harvest in the Nestucca dropped from 605,578 pounds in 1925 to 385,863 pounds in 1926.Tensions between commercial fishermen (gillnetters) and recreational fisher-men (anglers) mounted on the Nestucca  River. 1927 [January 27] - State Representatives Arthur McPhilllips and Walter Rus-sell, both from McMinnville, introduced House Bill 282 to “outlaw all gear on the Nestucca other than hook and line, commonly called angling.” [February 24] - Governor Patterson signed HB 282, closing the Nestucca River to commercial fishing. [May 27] - Measure 12 (Oregon Angling on Nestucca Bay Act) was filed by the Nestucca Local of the Tillamook County Fishermen’s Union and the Clover-dale Grange No. 355 in an effort to overturn HB 282.[June 28] - Measure 12 failed by 6,132 votes (53% to 47%) as Oregon citizens voted to uphold the law. The Nestucca River is still closed to commercial fish-ing.  1930 - The Salmon River Highway (Hwy 18) cutoff  to Lincoln City provided tourists access to the central coast communities. The new road to Lincoln City, the decrease in tourist dollars and other finan-cial ventures caused by the Great Depression, and the closing of the river cre-ated a perfect storm that almost led to the demise of Pacific City.A bridge was built over the Nestucca River, replacing the ferry that opperated from about 1917 to 1930.1935 - Small gas motors with a small box well appeared in the PC dories. 1894/1895 - After the flood, the town was moved downriver to higher ground and closer proximity to Nestucca Bay. It was called Malaney’s Addition to Ocean Park. By this time Thomas Malaney had died and his sons, John and Albert Malaney owned the land. R. C. Magarell partnered with the Malaneys in the financial ventures of the town.As early as 1894, William Scott, George Miles, Rufus Whiteman and others began “rowing out from the surf-protected shore south of Cape Kiwanda” to avoid the Nestucca River Bar. 1899 - The cannery reopened as the Astor Packing Company and ran for three years. Early 1900s - Tensions increased between commercial fishermen (gillnetters) and recreational fishers (anglers) throughout the state.1904 - Upon discovering kelp ore, Thomas Brooten developed the famous Brooten Kelp Ore Resort, which flourished until the 1920s.1905 - The Elmore Packing Company purchased the cannery just before the season opened and operated it until 1919, except for the 1909 season.  Chinese laborers from Astoria did most of the physical work. 1909 - Confusion with a city in Washington named Ocean Park led to a name change for the town from Ocean Park to Pacific City. A post office was estab-lished. 1910-mid 1920s - Pacific City was “the place for tourists on the northern Or-egon coast” and had “a vibrant commercial fishery.”  Fishing was still done primarily in the Nestucca River.  Circa 1915 - For two dollars per person, Walt Fisher began rowing passengers on the ocean to bottom fish. 1917 - John and Frank Wortman of McMinnville built the first vacation home on Hill Street, known by locals as McMinnville Heights.2345678241610111213141517181920212223Illustration by Joseph R. Tomelleri. Oregon Salmon. Portland, OR: Oregon Trout, 2001.House Calendar. Salem, OR: State Printing Dept., 1927, 52. Web.Kozer, Sam. Proposed Constitutional Amendments and Measures to be Submitted to the Voters of Oregon at the Special Election Tuesday, June 28, 1927, 1927, 52-53. Web.Pacific City-Woods Area Chamber of Commerce Brochure, n.d.Pacific City-Woods Area Chamber of Commerce Brochure, n.d.925Looking north, this image shows the Nestucca Bay on the right fed by the Nestucca River, which then flows out to the ocean. You can see the surf on the left and Haystack Rock and Cape Kiwanda in the distance.Photo by Tyrone Marshall

\u3cem\u3eLaunching through the Surf\u3c/em\u3e Traveling Exhibit Panel 02: Historical Highlights

Panel three, the second of three panels in the exhibit focused on the general history of the Dory Fleet, chronicles events from the 1940s to the 1990s. These include information about changes in the design of dories, the amount of salmon caught during the “heyday” of commercial fishing, and the increased regulation of the fishing industry.https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit/1002/thumbnail.jp

Linfield College DigitalCommons@Linfield Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Launching through the Surf: The Dory Fleet of Pacific City 2014 Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Panel 03: Historical Highlights Continued Tyrone Marshall Linfield College Brenda DeVore Marshall Linfield College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit  Part of the Cultural History Commons, Oral History Commons, Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Marshall, Tyrone and Marshall, Brenda DeVore, "Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit Panel 03: Historical Highlights Continued" (2014). Launching through the Surf Traveling Exhibit. 7. https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/dory_exhibit/7 This Exhibit Panel is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It is brought to you for free via open access, courtesy of DigitalCommons@Linfield, with permission from the rights-holder(s). Your use of this Exhibit Panel must comply with the Terms of Use for material posted in DigitalCommons@Linfield, or with other stated terms (such as a Creative Commons license) indicated in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, or if you have questions about permitted uses, please contact digitalcommons@linfield.edu. Pacific City Arts AssociationLaunching through the Surf: The Dory Fleet of Pacific CityProject Director   Brenda DeVore MarshallProject Collaborators—Faculty   Janet Gupton   Tyrone Marshall   Jackson Miller   Kathleen SpringProject Collaborators—Students   Casee Clark   Cassidy Davis   Daphne Dossett   Chris Forrer   Jennifer Layton   Caitlyn Olson   Stephanie Raso   Andrea Snyder   Whitney WeberProject Assistants—Students   Rhianna Bennett   Mary Beth Jones   Gabrielle Leif   Alicia SchnellProject PartnersLinfield Department of Theatre and Communication ArtsLinfield Jereld R. Nicholson Library Linfield Center for the NorthwestPacific City Arts AssociationPacific City Dorymen’s AssociationDory Fleet LiaisonDave LarkinsExhibit DesignTyrone MarshallBrenda DeVore MarshallDepartment of Theatre and Communication ArtsLinfield Jereld R. Nicholson LibraryLinfield Center for the Northwest© 2014 Historical Highlights1971 - The South Tillamook County Library opened.1971/1972 - Working with the Office of Economic Opportunity and Oregon State University’s Department of Fish and Wildlife, Pacific City Dorymen, in-cluding Ted Howe and Victor Ferrington, traveled to Samoa to teach the Sa-moans how to build Pacific City Dories.1973 - After much negotiation, by purchase and a gift from B. A. McPhillips, the state of Oregon acquired 185 acres of the McPhillips property, including Cape Kiwanda. 1974 - The fleet, comprised of about 150 dories, landed 99,753 Coho. 1975 - Dorymen landed approximately 170,000 Coho, making Cape Kiwanda the second-most-productive port on the Oregon coast. 1976 - The fleet landed 169,810 Coho.  There were between 350-400 dories. Julio and Jean Gogas opened the Dorymen Fish Company.Congress passed the Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, known as the 200 mile limit. It set up an exclusive fishery zone extending 200 miles out to sea, which excluded foreign fishing fleets.1977/1978 - Coho landing plummeted to 45,646 and 50, 840 respectively. Costs for fuel and other new equipment (especially electronic devices) substantially increased the cost of dory fishing. 1979/1980 - Richard Goché, Paul Hanneman, David Schlip and others issued two “state-of-the fishers” reports. The 1980 report (ORCO ’80) “addressed is-sues concerning commercial salmon fishermen, the public hatchery system, private salmon aquaculture, and ODFW policies.” 1980 - Congress passed the Salmon and Steelhead Conservation and Enhance-ment Act of 1980. 1980s - Increasing regulations and restriction of Coho salmon seasons took a toll on the dory fishing fleet throughout the decade. 1984 - Commercial fishing for Coho salmon was closed for the year. Late 1980s - Salmon fishing seemed to bounce back some, but not to the 1967 and 1976 levels.1990s - Coho salmon seasons were even more severely restricted than in the 1980s. 1940s - Eighteen to twenty-four foot double-ended plank dories with a small box well were standard. They were powered by oars with a compass for navi-gation. 1942 - The U.S. Coast Guard commissioned a beach patrol station at Pacif-ic City. Fishers were issued identification cards and were required to carry a signal board on their dories so they could be recognized by the planes and blimps that patrolled the coast. 1947 - Jack Gilman added troller-type poles to his 19-foot commercial dory. Soon everyone else was doing the same. Late 1940s - Various dory fishermen and others opened fish buying opera-tions. Most were short-lived.Early 1950s - Twelve to fourteen dories were included in the fleet, with six or seven used regularly for commercial fishing. Civilian Conservation Corp crews began planting Holland grass on the shift-ing sand dunes to stabilize them, leading to home construction on the dunes along the ocean front.Plywood became the standard material for dory construction.1950 - The Pacific City airport was dedicated, although planes had been land-ing on a grass airstrip there as early as the 1920s. 1951 - The first fly-in fish fry was held, beginning an annual tradition.1954 - Tilt wells were added to eliminate the process of attaching and detach-ing the motor outside the surf. 1956/1957 - The state outlawed use of fishing poles (rods and reels) for com-mercial fishing. Most dory fishers changed to cotton hand lines. 1957 - A gravel road was built to Cape Kiwanda forever changing access to the beach.Paul Hanneman and Roger Andersen made the first dory fishing trip to the tuna grounds, bringing back 75 pounds of Albacore tuna. 1958 - The final fly-in celebration was held. The event had become a victim of its own success as the number of planes and large crowds had become too much for the community to handle.262728293031323334353637continued1959 - In conjunction with Oregon’s centennial celebration, Pacific City began the Dory Derbies. At their height, these celebrations and competitions drew as many as 10,000 people to Pacific City.Late 1950s/Early 1960s - The square-stern dory appeared, revolutionizing the dory fleet by the mid-1960s. Hand-crank gurdies with wire replaced hand lines. Most dories were engine-powered through the surf. 1960s - Plastic squid “hoochies” became the standard lure for Coho salmon.1960 - There were nineteen commercial fishermen in Pacific City. Guy Watts and Keith Delaney opened a fish-buying company. 1963 - About 150 fishers launched their dories at the Cape.    Jim Imlah started a fish-buying company.    Harry Kester bought the fish company from Delaney and Watts.1967 - The Pacific City-Woods Area Chamber of Commerce asked the State Parks Superintendent to install a sign on the beach for the “purpose of avoid-ing accidents between bathers and dories.” The Coho catch for Pacific City jumped from 6,013 fish to 44,146, a 734% increase.  This season “transformed salmon fishing in Pacific City.” Tourists came to watch the “dory spectacle” and  for charter fishing trips. “The mixture of fishing and tourism was again fueling the local economy as it had before 1927.” Jack and Marlene Hogevoll opened the Kiwanda Fish Company. 1968 - The first Pacific City Dorymen’s Association was founded with James C. Coon serving as president, Ted Howe as vice-president, Jim Imlah as secre-tary, and W. O. Van Meter as treasurer. The fleet increased to around 600 dories. Late 1960s/1970s - Fiberglass dories and fiberglassing of wooden dories ap-peared.Early 1970s - Portland General Electric explored the idea of building a nuclear plant near Cape Kiwanda.Hydraulics replaced hand-crank gurdies. They were powered by a “pump mounted on top of the engine and coupled with the horizontal flywheel.” 1971 - Fishermen began adding “chunkies” (chopped up frozen herring) to their hooks.   The dory fleet landed 111,561 Coho.383940414243444546474849505152 5354555657585960616263646566From the Paul Hanneman CollectionThis billboard was designed and painted by Paul Hanneman.  It stood at the intersection of Hwy 101 and Brooten Road.Photo by Tyrone MarshallPhoto by Tyrone Marshall

\u3cem\u3eLaunching through the Surf\u3c/em\u3e Traveling Exhibit Panel 03: Historical Highlights Continued

https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&amp;context=dory_exhibit

\u3cem\u3eLaunching through the Surf\u3c/em\u3e Traveling Exhibit Panel 02: Historical Highlights

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