Uvod: Jeseni leta 2015 smo bili v Evropi in tudi v Sloveniji priča velikemu prihodu beguncev in migrantov z nekaterih ogroženih območij sveta (Sirija, Irak, Afganistan in ostale države Bližnjega vzhoda). Ob prihodu migrantov morajo države poskrbeti za primarno oskrbo ljudi, ki v državi iščejo zatočišče. Med glavnimi elementi primarne oskrbe je zdravstvena oskrba. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti smernice in postopke primarne oskrbe beguncev in migrantov ter opredeliti vlogo medicinske sestre pri tej oskrbi. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda empiričnega raziskovanja z zbiranjem, kritičnim branjem, oceno in analizo domače in tuje strokovne literature, ki obravnava problematiko primarne oskrbe beguncev in migrantov. Članke smo iskali v različnih podatkovnih bazah in prosto dostopne na spletu. Kontaktirali smo pristojne organizacije ter posameznike, ki so bili vključeni v primarno oskrbo beguncev in migrantov v Sloveniji v času begunske krize v letih 2015 in 2016. Razprava in zaključek: Zdravje beguncev in migrantov je pogosto oslabljeno, saj so na poti in tudi že v izvornih državah izpostavljeni raznim dejavnikom, ki negativno vplivajo na njihovo zdravje (vremenski vplivi, tihotapljenje, nasilje …). Za ustrezno primarno oskrbo je pomembno zagotavljanje primernih bivalnih razmer, preskrba z vodo in hrano in nudenje zdravstvene ter prve psihosocialne oskrbe tistim, ki jo potrebujejo. Osnova za uspešno preprečevanje in zdravljenje bolezni je zmožnost dobrega sporazumevanja med bolnikom in zdravstvenim osebjem, iz česar izhaja tudi potreba po vključevanju tolmačev. V skrbi za zdravje migrantov in beguncev ima pomembno vlogo tudi medicinska sestra.Introduction: We experienced a period of rising number of refugees and migrants arriving in Europe, including Slovenia, in the fall of 2015. Most of the refugees and migrants came from conflict areas of the world (Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan and other countries of the Middle East). Upon the arrival of refugees and migrants, states must provide primary care for the refuge seekers. Health care is amongst the key elements of primary care. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to present guidelines of primary care for refugees and migrants and to define the role of nurses within the care. Work methods: We used descriptive work method with the examination, analysis and critical overview of foreign and domestic literature concerning primary care of migrants and refugees. We searched for the literature in different scientific databases and open web sources. We contacted organisations responsible for providing primary care for refugees and migrants in the refugee crisis in Slovenia in the years 2015 and 2016. Discussion and conclusion: The health of refugees and migrants often weakened throughout the process of migration (bad weather and war and smuggling, violence, etc.). It is vital to provide adequate shelter, water, food, and to ensure primary health and psychosocial care to those who need it. The basis for successful prevention and solution of health problems is the capability for understanding between patient and medical personnel, what demands also the inclusion of interpreters within the health care. In the health care of refugees and migrants, nurses play an important role
