Clustering of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Indonesian Manufacturing Industry: How Far Can You Go?

Abstract

This paper aims to cluster corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices that correspond to the CSR strategy implemented. This study performed factor and cluster analyses with 435 data from Indonesian manufacturing companies. The factor analysis resulted three categories of CSR dimensions: legal-ethical, philanthropic, and economic responsibilities. The cluster analysis generated three clusters of CSR strategy: reactive, proactive, and accommodative. The results show that most manufacturing companies in Indonesia apply proactive strategy rather than reactive or accommodative strategies

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