The  aim  of  this  research  is  to  create  a  learning  media  that  can  explain  the  properties  of  an  ideal  gas 

through a simulation lab in the form of an android application. The method used in the study is research 

and development. A simulation lab android application which has  been made subsequently validated by 

concept and media experts, further empirical testing by teachers and students. Assessments of the product 

is done by filling in questionnaires and rated by rating scale. Averages for feasibility of the media on all 

indicators are 83.13% from media experts, 87.5% from concept experts, 83.13% from empirical test of 

teachers,  and  78.51%  from  student  test.  It  is  concluded  that  the  android  application  in  the  form  of  a 

simulation lab can be used as a learning media to explain the properties of an ideal ga

A, Nugraha

Lumbung Pustaka UNY  (UNY Repository)

  Proceeding of  International Conference On Research, Implementation And Education  Of Mathematics And Sciences 2014, Yogyakarta State University, 18-20 May 2014            PE-49  DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID APPLICATION  IN THE FORM OF A SIMULATION LAB TO EXPLAIN PROPERTIES OF AN IDEAL GAS  A. Nugraha* Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, State University Of Jakarta, Indonesia  ABSTRACT  The aim of this research is to create a learning media that can explain the properties of an ideal gas through a simulation lab in the form of an android application. The method used in the study is research and development. A simulation lab android application which has been made subsequently validated by concept and media experts, further empirical testing by teachers and students. Assessments of the product is done by filling in questionnaires and rated by rating scale. Averages for feasibility of the media on all indicators are 83.13% from media experts, 87.5% from concept experts, 83.13% from empirical test of teachers, and 78.51% from student test. It is concluded that the android application in the form of a simulation lab can be used as a learning media to explain the properties of an ideal gas  Keywords:  android application, Simulation Lab, Ideal Gas Properties .  INTRODUCTION Conventional learning is an activity occuring at the classroom where teachers present learning material to students. Because of dependence on teachers, students  should attend in every learning process and can not  get access of learning material anytime and anywhere.  Technological deveopment has created breakthroughs in learning. In the development process, students often contact devices of mobile communication and internet being a new trend that have possibility to organize mobile learning (m-learning). Because of m-learning, students should not always attend in any learning process. Besides that, students can gain access the learning material anytime and anywhere. According to Wood (2005), a term of m-learning  is based on using of a technological and mobile device, such as PDA, mobile phones, laptop, and tablet in learning. Saedah Siraj and Vijay (2009) said “m-learning is using of a mobile device to have posssibility which can organize learning anywhere and anytime”.   According to Mohammed Osman, M. El-Hussein, and Johannes C. Cronje (2010), m-learning is one of models in learning environment considerring  mobile-technology device, student mobility, learning mobility.  Some research done about m-learning predict that it can give much benefit. M. Tamimudin (2009) said that m-learning is prospective and progressive learning to be implemented because it is supported by communication technologies which are sophisticated, cheap, and reliable. Mahizer (2009) on his research concluded that m-learning has been begun an important role in education. The existence of m-learning and wireless devices is a reality. PE - 06  A. Nugraha / Development of An …     ISBN 978 – 979 – 99314 – 8 – 1   PE-50 Freedom for students to learn and get information makes m-learning be a favourite.     Physics is knowledge learning about nature phenomenon and interaction in the universe. Learning of physics demands teachers to demonstrate the real nature phenomenon through direct obeservation or experiment so students understand whole concepts comprehensively. Physics learning through experiments can not demonstrate all phenomenon, such as ideal gas phenomenon. Demonstrating ideal gas properties is hard enough. A simulation lab is made to overcome that problem so students can understand ideal gas properties directly.  According to Yudhi Munadhi (2010), a simulation  is to demonstrate or immitate condition which can not be presented live in a room or at the classroom. General principle of simulation model can be implemented if a course has these characteristics: (a) learn a work process of a tool and creating of certain products, (b) consist of procedures in certain systems, (c) learn how to use a tool, procedure, and certain method, (d) have an aim to prove something through a process, (e) demonstrate and show a simulation sequently, (f) an analysis, a synthesis, and an application, (g) need an accurate observation, (h) stress on physical and attitude achievement, (i) demand evaluation of experiment and observation.  Computer programs are often used as means to learn through simulation because computer can integrate colors, music, and graphic animation. Beacuse of those reasons, computer can present learning concepts in high level of realism. According to Arsyad (2006), a simulation in computers gives chances to learn interactively and personally. That statement is clarified by Bambang Warsita (2009). He said that a simulation is one of forms of learning media based on computer. The program try to immitate dynamic process occuring in the real world. As the time goes by, computer functions can be used in tablet and smartphone.   Tablet and phone which have been used recently use android as operating system. It is an open source giving developers chances to develop their applications so all android users can download the applications in application store (playsore) with or without payment. There are many applications in the playstore. One of categories in playstore is education. Nowadays, applications for physics learning are a few, especially application in the form of silmulation lab supporting m-learning.  According to the explaination above, research about “Development Of An Android Application In The Form Of A Simulation Lab To Explain Properties Of An Ideal Gas” has to be done. The aim of this research is to create a learning media that can explain the properties of an ideal gas through a simulation lab in the form of an android application.  METHOD The method used in this research is research and development. According to sugiyono (2008), the method of research and development is a kind of research method used to create and test products. The product of this research is an android application which has been validated by concept and media experts, empirical test of teachers, and student test.               Proceeding of  International Conference On Research, Implementation And Education  Of Mathematics And Sciences 2014, Yogyakarta State University, 18-20 May 2014            PE-51 Figure 1. Research Design  Figure 1 shows that research using research and development method has four main steps: 1) planning, 2) development, 3) evaluation (validation by concept experts, media experts, empirical test of teachers, student test),  4) Android application product in the form of simulation lab In the evaluation step, media is rated through questionnaires. Then, data is processed  by rating scale (in the scale of four)   RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  In this part, results of research obtained from data of media development sequence, validation data, and product test is presented. In the beginning, this research started with planning. In that step, early research is done. It collected data from various source to know physics apllications in playstore and software of physics simulation used in learning. Then, timestory which would be used in application is made. Time story contains interface design, layout, and concepts. Next, the concepts are developed. Standard of competenece for the concepts is “to apply thermodynamic concept in heat machine”. Meanwhile, basic competence discussed in the application is “to describe Start Early research Media defining  Concept development Timestory making scheduling Creation process Validation Revise II Field test Revise I Finish planning Development Evaluation Product Flow chart of research design  A. Nugraha / Development of An …     ISBN 978 – 979 – 99314 – 8 – 1   PE-52 properties of monoatomic gas”. Concepts which can be learnt by the application are Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay Lussac law, boyle-lusaac law.  Creation process of application  in thr form of simulation lab uses Adobe Flash Professional CS.5.5 and ActionScript 3.0 for scripting   Figure 2. Script  Figure 2, script is used to control navigation buttons and gas particle motion. Simulation lab created to understand properties of ideal gas can be used by following instruction on simulation page.   Figure 3. Simulation Page  By following instructions, students are demanded to understand properties of ideal gas or fundamental law of an ideal gas through observing  gas motion and change of volume,   Proceeding of  International Conference On Research, Implementation And Education  Of Mathematics And Sciences 2014, Yogyakarta State University, 18-20 May 2014            PE-53 pressure, and temperature. Data obatained when students try simulation can be saved in table. Saving data, students can make graph based on the data like figure 3.  Besides doing simulation, students can understand more and more by short explaination like figure 4. Figure 5 shows exercises containing multiple choice questions to test students understanding about the concept discussed in simulation lab.   Figure 4. Short Explaination    Figure 5. Exercise    A. Nugraha / Development of An …     ISBN 978 – 979 – 99314 – 8 – 1   PE-54 84.48 83.33 87.5 81.13 79.17 0102030405060708090100inteface design font interaction illustration appropriatelanguagePercentage  (%) Indicator Validation result of media experts 87.5 87.5 87.5 87.5 87.5 87.5 87.5 0102030405060708090100interfacedesignconcept andevaluationrelevanceconceptaccurationpresentationtechniquetechnologicaldefinitionillustration clearencePercentage (%) indicator Validation result of concept expert After simulation lab application has been created, it is evaluated. Validation for simulation lab application is done by media and concept experts. The application is validated by two media experts Questionnaire for media experts consists of 17 questions about interface design, font, interaction, illustration, appropriate language. Scale consists of 1-4 score and is interprated by rating scale from 0%, rather good, to 100% , very good. The application is tested by Dr. Supriyadi, M.Pd and Razali Rasyid, M.Si, Lectures of State University of Jakarta. Data are shown on figure 6.     Figure 6. validation result of media experts Figure 7. Validation result of concept expert  Figure 7. Validation result of concept expert    Proceeding of  International Conference On Research, Implementation And Education  Of Mathematics And Sciences 2014, Yogyakarta State University, 18-20 May 2014            PE-55 81.25 87.5 83.33 84.38 79.17 0102030405060708090100interface design font interaction illustration appropriatelanguagePercentage (%) Indicator Result of empirical test of teacher Shown on figure 6, avarages for the application are 84,48 for interface design, 83,33 for font, 87,5% for interaction, 81,13 for illustration, and 79,17% for appropriate language. Total average for the application shows that it is very good. In other words, the application can be used as learning media.  Then, the application is validated by concept experts to test whether concept in the application is right and easy to understand. Validation Instrument of concept expert consists of 13 questions  discussing about interface design, concept and evaluation relevance to curriculum, technological definition, illustartion, clearence and difficulties to understand. Data obtained from concept experts is shown on figure 7. According to figure 7, average score for all indicator is 87,5%. It represents that the application is very good and can be used as learning media.                 Figure 8. Result of empirical test of teacher  A. Nugraha / Development of An …     ISBN 978 – 979 – 99314 – 8 – 1   PE-56 77.5 76.25 74.17 77.5 83.13 82.5 0102030405060708090100conceptunderstandinginterfacedesignfont interaction illustrationattractionappropriatelanguagePercentage (%) Indicator Result of student test    The simulation lab application which has been revised is tested and rated by teachers to know whether the application can be used in learning process. Empirical test of teachers is done by two physics teachers of SMAN 30.  Indicator for assessment are interface design, font, interaction, illustartion, appropriate language. Data obtained from teachers is shown on figure 8. According to figure 8, average score are 81,25% for interface design, 87,5% for font, 83,33% for interaction, 84,38 for illustration, 79,17% for appropriate language. Average score for all indicators shows that the application is very good and  can be used as learning media.   Then, The android application in the form of simulation lab is tested by students of SMAN 30. They assessed the application through questionnaire containing some indicators, such as concept understanding, interface design, font, interaction, attraction of illustration (figure, animation, video), language. Data obtained from student test is shown on figure 9. Average score are 77,5% for concept understanding, 76,25% for interface design, 74,17% for  font, 77,5% for interaction, 83,13% for attraction of illustration. Total average represents that the application is very good to be a learning media.  Conclussion  According to the result, conclussion for this research is that the simulation lab application can be used as learning media to explain properties of ideal gas. Recommendations for other researcher are 1) to explore actionscript 3 in application developing, 2) to give more figure, animation, and video, 3) to use various function in application performing. We would like to thank to State University of Jakarta permitting us to use some facilities and lectures teting the application.   Figure 9. Result of student test    Proceeding of  International Conference On Research, Implementation And Education  Of Mathematics And Sciences 2014, Yogyakarta State University, 18-20 May 2014            PE-57 REFERENCE  Arsyad, Azhar.  2004. Media Pembelajaran.  Jakarta:  PT. Raja Grafindo Persada Chandra. 2011. Action Script Flash CS5 untuk Orang Awam. Jakarta: Maxikom Georgiev, Tsvetozar, dkk. 2004. M-Learning-A New Stage of E-Learning. International conference on computer system and technologies Komputer, Wahana. 2012. Langkah Praktis Membangun Aplikasi Sederhana Platform Android. Jakarta: PT. Elex Media Komputindo Mahizer. 2009. Mobile Learning: New Era in Malaysia. Malaysia: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar  Munadi, Yudhi. 2008. Media Pembelajaran, Sebuah Pendekatan Baru. Jakarta: Gaung Persada Press. Mulyatiningsih, Endang. 2011. Metode Penelitian Terapan Bidang Pendidikan. Bandung: Alfabeta Samsudin, A., dkk. 2012. Pengembangan “CELLS” Dalam Eksperimen Fisika Dasar Untuk Mengembangkan Performance Skills Dan Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa. Semarang: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia  Pranowo, Galih. 2011. Kreasi Animasi Interaktif dengan Action Script 3.0 pada Flash CS5. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi                              A. Nugraha / Development of An …     ISBN 978 – 979 – 99314 – 8 – 1   PE-58  

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID APPLICATION IN THE FORM OF A SIMULATION LAB TO EXPLAIN PROPERTIES OF AN IDEAL GAS

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Lumbung Pustaka UNY (UNY Repository)