This report presents data gathered in a program designed to monitor tributyltin (TBT) levels in water and sediment from areas in the southern Chesapeake Bay which experience high boating activities. The concentrations reported will hopefully give an insight into the extent and magnitude of TBT contamination in these areas

Espourteille, Francois A.

Huggett, Robert J.

Rice, Charles D.

Travelstead, Ellen J.

Westbrook, Donna J.

English

College of William & Mary: W&M Publish

W&M ScholarWorks Reports 1986 Tributyltin in whole water and sediment collected from marinas and the Hampton Roads area in the southern Chesapeake Bay : a final report Donna J. Westbrook Virginia Institute of Marine Science Ellen J. Travelstead Virginia Institute of Marine Science Francois A. Espourteille Virginia Institute of Marine Science Charles D. Rice Virginia Institute of Marine Science Robert J. Huggett Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/reports  Part of the Environmental Monitoring Commons Recommended Citation Westbrook, D. J., Travelstead, E. J., Espourteille, F. A., Rice, C. D., & Huggett, R. J. (1986) Tributyltin in whole water and sediment collected from marinas and the Hampton Roads area in the southern Chesapeake Bay : a final report. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/reports/2505 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact scholarworks@wm.edu. Tributyltin in Whole Water and Sediment Col lected From Marina~ and the Hampton Roads Area in the Southern Chesapeake Bay By Donna J. Westbrook Ellen J.·Travelstead Francois A. Espourteille Ch.arles D. Rice Robert J. Huggett Division of Chemistry and Toxicology The Virginia Institute of Marine Science School of Marine Science College of William and Mary Gloucester Point, VA 23062 A Final Report To The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Contract No. 5072~2-0 J November, 1986 ol the VIRGINIA INSTITUTE of MARINE SCIENCE AJ\c~ \I\ Vl/\S 'TQ 4~1"" 0+ L.0Lt l~i~ C.. \ Introduction This report presents data gathered in a program designed to monitor tributyltin (TBT) levels in water and sediment from areas in the southern Chesapeake Bay which experience high boating activities. The concentrations reported will hopefully give an insight into the extent and magnitude of TBT contamination in these areas. Sampling Locations Water samples from two marina areas were collected weekly from June through September 1986. Sarah Creek, a tributary to the York River, contains several recreational marinas as well as areas which are more rural (Figure 1). Three sampling locations were chosen in this system. One, Station A, is near the mouth of the creek and is the site of a 288 slip marina. Station Bis approximately one kilometer upstream and is a private berthing facility for a condominium complex. The third location, Station C, is on a rural s~gment of the creek with only occasional boat traffic. Outside of Sarah Creek, in the York River, a fourth station was established at the end of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science pier (Station D). ~ Hampton River flows into Hampton Roads near the entrance of the harbor (Figure 2). It contains several recreational marinas as well as a city dock used mainly for commercial fishing vessels. Stations HRH#1 and HRMl2 are two different locations at the Hampton Roads Marina; HYC is a station at another marina further upstream at the Hampton Yacht Club; CD is the station furthest upstream near the commercially used city dock, and OPC is at Old Point Comfort, a station in Hampton Roads just before its entrance into Chesapeake Bay. 1 Figure 3 shows the sampling sites for the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River system. Samples were collected from here in May, July and September 1986. In September, 1986, sediment was obtained from station A in Sarah Creek (Figure 1). Methods and Procedures: Water samples were collected from a depth of approximately 15 cm below the surface. Samples from the marina areas were collected from piers with a sampling apparatus described previously (Huggett et al., 1986). Results are presented in Tables 1 and 2. In the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River system, samples were collected in 2 liter polycarbonate bottles from a boat. Temperature and salinity measurements were made on subsamples. All samples were acidified to pH 2 with HCl and stored in the dark at 4°c until analysis. The analytical procedure used to determine TBT has been described by Unger et al., (1986). Actual minimum detection levels for environmental -1 + samples was approximately 1 ngL . as TBT. The top two centimeters of bottom sediments were collected from a ~ sample taken by a Ponar grab sampler. The sediment was blended wet to insure homogeneity and oven dried at 6o0c. The dried sediment was then ground with a mortar and pestle and sieved through either 125 or 63 micron sieves. Subsamples were taken and soxhlet extracted with hexane for 48 hrs. The hexane extract was then treated identically as those from water. Results are reported in Table 7. 2 Discussion Water from Sarah Creek Stations A and B generally contained higher butyltin concentrations than previously reported for samples collected in winter and spring (Huggett et al., 1986). Station A shows the highest variability, with concentrations varying by a factor of ten within the tour + month period. Station Bis more stable, but is still subject to TBT concentrations varying by a factor of 8 within a one week time period. + Relatively low TBT concentrations are evident at Station C ·in a rural segment of the creek. York River water appears to contain much less TBT, as evidenced by the values during the last six weeks ot the sampling period. TBT concentrations are highly variable in the Hampton River over time. There are also huge differences in TBT concentrations found in samples collected from different locations at the same marina at the same time. On + one occasion, TBT concentrations differed by a factor of 35 in samples collected from the same marina. Unlike the recreational marinas, water samples from the commercially used city dock contained relatively consistent TBT levels over time with only an occasional spike. The station at Old Point Comfort shows relatively low concentrations of butyltins, as would be expected from the decreased boating activity and greater flushing. ~ In the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River system, relatively low + concentrations of TBT were found in open harbor areas and at the mouths of the Nansemond and James Rivers. Higher concentrations were found in the Hampton River locations and the highly industrialized Elizabeth River. One sample from the Elizabeth River contained a very high level of TBT. The sample was collected from a private shipyard where a commercial cargo ship had recently been overhauled and launched, (It had been observed one week 3 + earlier in dry dock). Four weeks later, the TBT concentration at this site was much lower. Sediments collected from Sarah Creek contained approximately four orders of magnitude more TBT than waters collected from the same location. This sediment level probably reflects both sorption of TBT from the overlying water as well as paint chips which contain the organotins. 4 References Huggett, R. J., Unger, M.A., and D. J. Westbrook. 1986. Organotin Concentrations in the Southern Chesapeake Bay. In: Proceedings of the Oceans '86 Conference, September, Washington D.C., p. l262-1265. Unger, M.A., MacIntyre, w. G., Greaves, J. and R. J. Huggett. 1986. GC Determination of butyltins in natural waters by flame photometric detection of hexyl derivatives with mass spectrometric confirmation. Chemosphere, 15(4):461-471. 5 Data Report: Date 6-3-86 6-S-86 6-10-86 6-12-86 6-17-86 6-24-86 Table 1 Butyltins, Temperature and Salinity in Whole Water from Sarah Creek (Concentrations as ngL-1) Sampling + DBT+2 0 Locations TBT TemE. C A 7 9 23 B 22 22 24.5 C 9 9 211;5 D N.D.* N.D. 22.5 A 27 30 23.5 B 39 ll 1 211 C 5 15 21' D 3 4 22.5 A 30 23 26 B 22 39 27 C 9 18 26.5 D N.A.** N.A. 25· A 411 28 27.5 B 25 33 28 C N.A. N.A. .; 27.5 D N;A. N.A. 26.5 A 31 16 27 B 34 21 28 C 8 12 28.5 D N.D. N.D. 26 A 38 20 26 B 29 30 26.5 C 1 14 26;5 D N.D. N.D. 25 Salinitl 0 100 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 20.5 20 20.5 21 22 22 22 22 21.5 22 22 22 Table 1 (continued) Sampling + DBT+2 0 0 Date Locations TBT TemE..!_£ Salinitl loo 7-1-86 A 27 10 26 21 B 37 27 28 21 C 10 7 27.5 21 D 3 N.D. 25~5 21.5 7-8-86 A 33 21 27 22 B 37 32 28 20.5 C 13 13 28 20· D 3 .2 26 22 7-15-86 A 11 10 26 23 B 22 23 28 22 C 22 26 28.5 21 D N.D. N .D. 26 22 7-22-86 A 18 12 28 22 B 26 24 30 20 C 9 13 30 20 D N.D. N.D. 28 21 7-29-86 A 76 39 30.5 20 • B 37 30 32 20 C 14 17 31.5 21 D 2 3 30 22 8-5-86 A 10 12 ,.i 28.5 23 B 27 24 29· 22 C 12 17 28.5 21 D 1 2 28 23 8-12-86 A 10 6 21 23 B 32 25 27 22 C 12 13 27 22 D 4 N.D. 21 23 8-19-86 A 13 15 27 22 B 25 8 27.5 21 .5 C 8 9 27 ;5 22 D 2 2 26.5 22 Table 1 (continued) Sampling + DBT+2 0 0 Date Locations TBT Temp. C Salinity loo 8-26-86 A 16 7 26 24 B 21' 22 27.5 23 C 4 14 27 22 D N.D. N.D. 26 24 9-1-86 A 9 9 23 22.5 B 17 20 23.5 22 C 8 12 23.5 22 D N.D. 2 23 22.5 9-9-86 A 15 8 23.5 23 B 19 17 23 22 C 7 9 24 22 D N.D. 1 23.5 23 9-16-86 A 24 18 23 23 B 39 19 23.5 22 C 12 10 23;5 22 D N.D. N.D. 23 22 9-23-86 A 24 12 24.5 23 B 5 7 25.5 22 C 4 7 25 · 22 D N.D. N.D. 24 23.5 9-30-86 A 29 13 .; 24.5 23.5 B 20 25 25 22 C 8 9 25 23 D N.D. 1 24 23 * N.D. • nondetectable@ 1 ngL -1 ** N .A. • data not available Date 6-19-86 6-26-86 7-3-86 7-10-86 7-11-86 Table 2 Butyltins, Temperature and Salinity in Whole Water from Hampton River (Concentrations as ngL-1) Sampling + DBT+2 0 Locations TBT Temp. C HRMl1 60 25 24.5 HRM#2 110 58 24~5 HYC 19 11 24 CD 22 13 23 OPC 4 2 23.5 HRMll1 92 38 25 HRM/12 320 85 25 HYC 68 23 25 C~D. 41 18 25 ope· 6 5 24.5 HRM#1 31 20 25 HRM#2 68 40 25 HYC 45 14 25 CD 44 20 25.5 OPC 5 6 24· HRM#1 20 18 ., 27 .5 HRM#2 150 71 28;5 HYC 31 17 28 CD 29 14 29 OPC 3 2 27 HRM/11 28 20 27.5 HRM/12 220 140 28 · HYC 29 13 27.5 CD 26 15 28 OPC 4 5 26 0 Salinity loo N.A.* N.A; N.A. N;A; N.A. 24 23.5 24 24 23.5 23 22.5 23 23 23.5 22.5 23 23 23 24 22 22 22 22 23 Table 2 (continued) Sampling + DBT+2 0 0 Date Locations TBT Temp. C Salinity loo 7-24-86 HRM#1 13 11 · 28 22 HRM/12 480 130 28.5 22 HYC 44 17 28 22 CD 25 15 28.5 22 OPC 5 2 28 22 7-31 :--86 HRMl1 53 22 28 22 HRM/12 110 74 29 22 HYC 37 19 28.5 22 CD 95 33 28~5 22 OPC 4 8 27 23 8-7-86 HRM/11 180 41 27 .5 24 HMR/12 140 53 28 · 24 HYC 31 22 28 24 CD 24 16 28.5 24 OPC 3 2 27 · 24.5 8-14-86 HRM#1 63 19 26.5 22 HRMf/2 120 80 26 20 HYC 79 22 27 20.5 CD 53 20 27 22 PPC 4 4 26 25 8-21-86 HRM/11 23 8 26 23 HRM#2 83 29 26 22.5 HYC 32 10 .; 26 23 CD 15 13 26 22 OPC 2 2 26 23.5 8-28-86 HRM/11 45 27 24 20.5 HRM/12 670 580 23 18 HYC 36 16 24 20.5 CD 41 25 24 20 OPC 3 2 24 23.5 9-4-86 HRMfll 33 11 24 23 HRM/12 140 50 24 23 HYC 29 10 23.5 23 CD 17 9 23.5 23 OPC 1 2 23 24.5 Table 2 (continued) Sampling + D8T+2 0 Salin! ty O loo Date Locations TBT Temp. C 9-11-86 HRMl/1 13 8 25.5 24 HRM#2 89 32 25 24 HYC 15 8 25 23.5 CD 9 6 25 24 -OPC 3 2 24.5 25 9-18-86 HRM#1 51 17 21 23.5 HRM/12 93 37 21 24· HYC 24 15 21 24 CD 19 8 21 24 OPC 4 2 21.5 25 9-25-86 HRM#l 29 11 25.5 23 HRM/12 66 31 25;5 23 HYC 190 38 26~5 24 CD 23 13 26 24 OPC 6 5 25 25 *N.A. c data not available. . . Date 5-.21-86 Table 3 Butyltin Concentrations and Salinity in Whole Water From the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River System in May, 1986 (Concentrations as ngL-1) + Station TBT DBT+2 Salinity, 1 5.9 1.6 16.0 2 2;2 2;2 19; 3 3;4 2.4 18. 4 7. 1 1.8 20. 5 4.6 1.6 21 6 ,. 7 1.6 21. 13 8.5 3.7 23 14 3.1 2.5 22 15 5. !I 2.9 21 17 21. 11 • 22 19 18; 8.8 21 A* 7 .1 3.5 22 B* 12. 3.5 22 0 loo * Samples collected uptide (A) and downtide (B) of the Coral Sea, CV43, an aircraft carrier painted with tributyltin containing paint • .i Table~ Butyltin Concentrations, Temperature and Salinity in Whole Water From the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River System in July 1986 (Concentrations as ngL- 1) Date + DBT+2 0 Salinity O loo Station I TBT Temp. C -7-25-86 1 1 2 29 18.5 2 2 2 29 20 3 4 3 28.5 22 4 5 3 28 22 5 6 3 28 22 6 7 4 28 23 7 16 12 28 22 8 19 14 28.5 22 9 33 22 28.5 22 10 21 14 28;5 23 11 17 13 28.5 22 12 2 3 28 22.5 13 6 4 28 22~5 14 3 3 28 21.5 15 5 5 28.5 22 7-30-86 16 8 6 28 21 17 14 5 29 22 18 13 9 29 21 19 5 4 30.5 21 20 3 5 .; 31 ; 5 20 7-25-86 21 2 3 28.5 22.5 22 N.D.* 1 28;5 21 23 1 N.D. 29 21 24 N.D. N.D. 29.5 20.5 25 N.D. 2 29 20.5 * N.D. - not detectable at 1 ngL -1 I • Table 5 Butyltin Concentrations, Temperature and Salinity in Whole Water From the Hampton Roads-James River-Elizabeth River System in August 1986 (Concentrations as ngL-1) Date + Station# TBT DBT+2 0 Temp. C Salinity O loo 9-2-86 1 1 2 23 18 2 1 2 23 20 3 4 3 23 23 4 4 4 23 23 5 2 3 23 23.5 6 N.D. 8 23 23 7 25 9 23.5 23 8 39 13 24 23 9 30 15 214 22 10 15 11 24 22.5 11 17 11 214 22 12 4 3 23 23 13 2 3 23 24 111 3 3 23 214 15 2 2 23 22 ·16 5 9 24 22 17 17 13 24 22 18 920 59 24.5 22 19 17 12 25.5 21 20 14 8 J 26 · 20.5 21 2 3 23 21 22 1 1 22 20 23 N.D.* 1 22 18.5 24 N~D. N .D. 22.5 19 25 N;D. 1 22 20 *N.D. • not detectable at 1 ngL -1 Table 6 Butyltin Concentrations, Temperature and Salinity in Whole Water From the Hampton Roads-, James River-Elizabeth River System in September 1986 -1 (Concentrations as ngL ) Date + DBT+2 0 Salinity O loo Station I TBT Temp. C 9-29-86 1 3 2 23 19 2 2 2 23.5 22 3 5 4 24 · 25 4 7 6 24 25 5 3 3 24 28 6 3 3 24 23 7 14 10 25 24 8 15 11 25 24 9 42 21 25.5 24 10 17 18 25 24 11 17 10 25 24 12 3 3 24 24 13 2 4 23.5 20 14 3 4 24 23 .15 5 6 24 22 16 11 11 24 22 17 30 16 24.5 22 18 49 18 24.5 22 19 10 7 26 22 20 7 6 J 27 22 21 2 3 24 20 22 N.D.* N.D. 24 19 23 1 2 24 19 24 N.D. 2 23.5 19 25 1 3 24 20 *N.D. • not detectable at 1 ngL -1 Subsample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Table 7 Trlbutyltin Concentrations in Replicate Sediment Samples from Sarah Creek Sieve Size TBT 125 µ 125 µ 125 lJ 125 µ 125 µ 125 µ 63 µ 65 µ 63 µ 63 µ 63 µ 63 µ Overall mean• 1075 ~ 121 µg/kg J + µg/kg 1000 1300 1000 950 930 1000 1200 920 1100 1200 1100 1100 ~ ~ ~ c.., ~ < ~ "' u ' ~ ,. (I) ~ ':. u ,o,, .,,,, Figure l. Sarah Cree~ Sampling Sites NEWPORT NEWS . s ~E.~ 0~, ~t~~ ~~~ CRANEY I. PLUMTREE BAR ~ ~ ~ ~ THIMBLE SHOAL ~ OLD PT. COMFORT ~ · NORFOLK Figure 2. Hampton River Sampling Sites NEWPORT NE~S FIGURE 3 Sampling Locations for Hampton Roads-James Rlver~E11zabeth River System I ... 

Tributyltin in whole water and sediment collected from marinas and the Hampton Roads area in the southern Chesapeake Bay : a final report

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Tributyltin in whole water and sediment collected from marinas and the Hampton Roads area in the southern Chesapeake Bay : a final report

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