'American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene'
Abstract
Fil: Viñoles, Jose. HIV/AIDS National Control Program, and Department of Laboratories of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Montevideo; Uruguay.Fil: Serra, Margarita. HIV/AIDS National Control Program, and Department of Laboratories of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Montevideo; Uruguay.Fil: Russi, J. Ministerio de Salud Pública. Departamento de Laboratorios; Uruguay.Fil: Ruchansky, Dora. Servicio de Virología Molecular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.Fil: Sosa-Estani, Sergio. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias; Argentina.Fil: Montano, Silvia M. US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment-Lima; Peru.Fil: Carrion, Gladys. US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment (NMRCD). Unit 3800, APO-AA 34031-3800, Lima; Peru.Fil: Eyzaguirre, Lindsay. Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore; Estados Unidos.Fil: Carr, Jean K. US Military HIV Research Program and Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD; Estados Unidos.Fil: Olson, James G. US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment-Lima; Peru.Fil: Bautista, Christian T. US Military HIV Research Program at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Division of Retrovirology, the Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement Military Medicine, Inc, Rockville, MD; Estados Unidos.Fil: Sanchez, Jose L. US Military HIV Research Program and Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD; Estados Unidos.Fil: Weissenbacher, Mercedes. Centro Nacional de Referencia de SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina.A cohort study involving 60 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative male transvestite commercial sex workers (CSWs) was conducted in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1999-2001. Serum samples were tested for HIV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening with immunoblot confirmation. Six participants seroconverted for an incidence-density rate of 6.03 (95% confidence interval = 2.21-13.12) per 100 person-years. Inconsistent condom use during client sex (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 6.7), during oral sex (AHR = 5.6), and at the last sexual encounter (AHR = 7.8), and use of marihuana (AHR = 5.4) were marginally associated with HIV seroconversion. Five samples were genotyped in the protease and reverse transcriptase regions; three were subtypes B and two were BF recombinants. Full genome analysis of four samples confirmed all three subtype B samples and one of the two BF recombinants. Male transvestite CSWs sustained a high rate of HIV infection. Larger prospective studies are required to better define subtypes and associated sexual and drug-related risk factors
