Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health
Abstract
Anketom, koja je tijekom 1981. i 1982. godine provedena u svim radnim organizacijama SOUR-a ŽTP Zagreb obuhvaćeno je 9 565 radnika u dobi od 18 do 65 godina. Većinu zaposlenih činili su muškarci (86 %), i to najvećim dijelom KV radnici (36 %) i radnici SSS (20 %) te VKV radnici (17,3 %). U trenutku ispitivanja bol u vratnoj kralješnici navodilo je 9,8 % muškaraca i 17,4 % žena, dok je križobolju imalo 27,4 % muškaraca i 28,4 % žena. S obzirom na životnu dob, učestalost bolnog sindroma vratne kralješnice pravilno je rasla. Sijevajuću bol iz križa u nogu, koja se javljala više puta, navodilo je 1,8 % mlađih muškaraca te 44,9 % starijih od 51 godine, kao i 4,7 % mlađih žena i 31,3 % žena starijih od 51 godine. Zbog križobolje je kraće od mjesec dana :izostajalo s posla 14,6 % svih ispitanika, od 1 do 6 mjeseci bolovalo je 8 % radnika, dok je 1,4 % ispitanika zbog križobolje bolovalo duže od 6 mjeseci. Češće su zbog križobolje izostajati s posla NKV i PKV radnici, a apsentizam je bio prisutan već i u mlađoj životnoj dobi (2,9 %). Najveći porast apsentizma zbog križobolje izražen je u četvrtom desetljeću života. S obzirom na kvalifikaciju ispitanika, bol u vratnoj kralješnici najčešće su napominjali KV radnici (36,3 %), dok je križoboIja bila najčešća u NKV radnika (25,5 %). Učestalost sijevajuće boli iz križa u nogu proporcionalno se smanjivala s obzirom na višu kvalifikaciju ispitanika. U raspravi se ovi podaci uspoređuju s podacima sličnih istraživanja u svijetu i kod nas.In 1981 and 1982 a questionnaire study was carried out in the Railwav Transport Company in Zagreb among 9 565 workers aged from 18 to 65 years. The majority of the employees were male (86 %), mainly skilled workers (36 %). At the time of investigation pain in the cervical spine was reported by 9.8 % of males and 17.4 %, of females (P < 0.01), whereas back pain was reported by 27.4 % of males and 28.4 % of females. The frequency of pain in the cervical spine increased with age from 2.3 % in males younger than 30 years to 16 % in those older than 51 years, and respectively from 6.8 % to 29 % in females. The frequency of back pain ranged from 11.7 % in the group of youngest males to 39 % in males older than 51 years, and from 13.2 % to 44.6 % in females. Radiating pain from the spine to the leg was reported more than once by 1.8 % of younger males, and by 29.2 % of those older than 51 years. Sick absences due to back pain of less than a month\u27s duration were noted for 14.6 % of all workers, those lasting 1-6 months in 8 % and those longer than six months in 1.4 % of the workers. These absences were more frequent among unskilled and semiskilled workers, but were also present among young workers (2.9 %). The greatest increase in the rate of sick absences due to back pain was noted in the fourth decade of life. With regard to qualifications pain in the cervical spine was the most frequent complaint of highly skilled and unskilled workers. The frequency of radiating pain decreased in proportion with the degree of workers\u27 qualifications from 19.1 % in the case of unskilled workers to 12.8 % among highly skilled workers (P < 0.001)
