Legal personality, liability and role of performing party according to The Draft Instrument on the Carriage of Goods (Wholly or Partly)(by Sea)

Abstract

Analiziraju se odredbe \u27\u27Nacrta instrumenta o prijevozu stvari (u cijelosti ili djelomično)(morem)\u27\u27 koje govore o izvršitelju. Proučavaju se svi posebni uvjeti koji su potrebni da bi osoba imala status izvršitelja. Uz elemente pravne osobnost, posebno se analizira odgovornost i uloga izvršitelja prema najnovijem unifikacijskom instrumentu i to kroz analizu mogućeg položaja izvršitelja prema različitim konceptima odgovornosti. Ukazuje se na temeljne teorijske i praktične dvojbe, te različita stajališta i suprotstavljene argumente s kojima se susreću sastavljači novog instrumenta. Za razumijevanje složenih odnosa koji nastaju između svih sudionika prijevozne prestacije, a koje se novim instrumentom nastoje sveobuhvatno urediti, potrebno je poznavati i osnovne ciljeve novog Nacrta, njegovo polje primjene, kontekst nastanka i glavna sporna pitanja u dosadašnjem radu na njegovoj izradi, pa se i o tome u radu govori. Provodi se poredbena analiza definicije i statusa osoba analognih izvršitelja u konvencijama koje uređuju prijevoz stvari morem, ali i drugim prijevoznim granama s rješenjima Nacrta. (...).This paper analyses the provisions of the Draft instrument on the carriage of goods wholly or partly by sea, which deal with the performing party, examine the conditions which have to be satisfied for a person to have a status of the performing party, as well as the issue of his/her liability according to different liability concepts, such as uniform liability system, network liability systm and limited network liability system. The article in particular deals with the objectives of the new Draft, its scope of application, the political context in which it has been developed and the main disputable issues in its development so far. Also the author provides a comparative analysis of the definition and status of the persons analogous to the performing party in the conventions governing carriage of goods by sea and by other ways of transportation as compared to the arrangements provided by the Draft. The Draft is aimed at regulating, in a comprehensive and contemporary manner, the issue of legal personality, liability and role of the performing party in modern commercial transport, where carriers almost always subcontract one or all of their contractual obligations under the carriage contract. Inclusion of certain adaptations and specific provisions is due to the convention being applicable to carriages \u27\u27from door to door\u27\u27. The final outlines of legal framework of the status and liability of the performing party at this stage of preparation of the instrument have not been defined completely, and different proposals and arguments are being taken into consideration in a critical manner