The authors consider an application of MERGE, a large-scale non-linear optimization model, to the analysis of the development of the E3 (energy-economy-environment) system in Russia. A brief historical overview is followed by a short outline of related studies performed earlier by Russian research institutions. Original MERGE-based development scenarios for Russia are described. The simulation results are presented in detail and then partially compared with the projections given by other authors. The results of a sensitivity analysis of the models outputs are presented