Foster, Margaret

Gwarzo, Ibrahim

Horney, Jennifer

Texas A&amp;M Repository

PROSPEROInternational prospective register of systematic reviews CitationIbrahim Gwarzo, Jennifer Horney, Margaret Foster. Epidemiologic burden of traumatic brain injury in theunited states: a systematic review. PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019117761 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019117761 Review questionWhat is the epidemiologic burden of Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States? [Epidemiology involvesincidence, mortality rates, and prevalence of Traumatic Brain Injuries]. SearchesA search will be conducted in the electronic database of PubMed. Only studies published from the last 20years would be considered (1998 - 2018). Only studies published in English will be considered. Types of study to be includedAll observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort, case-control) that primarily involve the epidemiology of TBI.Reviews, duplications, and commentaries are excluded. Condition or domain being studiedTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is defined by the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC) as "as adisruption in the normal function of the brain that can be caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, orpenetrating head injury. Everyone is at risk for a TBI, especially children and older adults".It is a leading cause of death and disability among young adults and the elderly. Leading causes of TBIinclude motor vehicle accidents, accidental falls, and physical sports. TBI is listed as a contributing factor in a third of all injury-related deaths, and, of all types of injuries, TBI ismore likely to lead to a long term disability. Adults aged above 65 have the highest rate of TBIhospitalizations and death. Survivors of TBI have an increased risk of diseases such as stroke, epilepsy,depression, and other major cardiovascular disorders  Participants/populationThe study population is that of United States of America, studies must be predominantly about theepidemiology of TBI in the US. They should report either a cumulative incidence (incidence proportion),prevalence, mortality, or case fatality of TBI for a U S- based population (hospital based, local, state, ornationwide). There is no age, gender, race, occupational, or ethnicity restriction. Studies must have beenpublished in English language between 1998 to 2018, with full text available to be considered. Intervention(s), exposure(s)Not applicable as this is a prevalence study. Comparator(s)/controlNot applicable as this is a prevalence study. ContextThe setting is that of the whole United States, there is no regional, or demographic restriction.  Main outcome(s)                               Page: 1 / 4PROSPEROInternational prospective register of systematic reviewsThe main outcome is a TBI as defined by the United States Centers for Disease Control (CDC), "a disruptionin the normal function of the brain that can be caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, or penetratinghead injury" Additional outcome(s)Not applicable Data extraction (selection and coding)Relevant search technique will be implemented on the electronic database identified. This will be done bytwo reviewers, selected articles will be transferred to an electronic software (Rayyan QCRI). After relevantarticles are uploaded into the software, two screening steps will be implemented by two independentreviewers aimed at ensuring the selected articles meet the inclusion criteria. The first screening step involve two reviewers independently reviewing the titles and abstracts of theselected articles against the inclusion and exclusion criterion. While the second screening step, will involvethe two independent reviewers reviewing the whole article. Subsequently, the final selected articles from thetwo reviewers will be cross-checked against each other and discrepancies will be resolved by a thirdindependent reviewer's decision.Data will be extracted from selected articles, these data include 1. source population, 2. study period, 3.study group size, 4. case ascertainment method, 5. incidence, 6. age distribution, and 7. gender distribution.  Risk of bias (quality) assessmentSelected studies will be evaluated for methodological quality. The focus will be on study design, casedefinition, case ascertainment, and epidemiological description. The following five elements of the STROBEchecklist will be used as the basis of the methodological assessment, they include 1. study design, 2. setting,3. participants, 4. data sources/measurement and 5. study sample size. Two independent reviewers will undertake the study quality assessment. The final results of the evaluationwill be a harmonized assessment of the two reviewers conclusions. Discrepancies will be resolved by thedecision of a third reviewer. The results will be provided in a table with a column signifying completeness orotherwise of the 5 elements of the STROBE checklist. Strategy for data synthesisAggregate data will be extracted from selected articles, these data include 1. source population, 2. studyperiod, 3. study group size, 4. case ascertainment method, 5. incidence, 6. age distribution, and 7. genderdistribution. A table with list of selected studies and columns represented the above extracted data will be provided.For the meta-analysis component, random effects model would be used to calculate the pooled incidence ofTBI from selected studies. Heterogeneity index signifying between-study variation would be estimated andexpressed with ?², while the proportions of total variation of the selected studies will be presented with I².  Analysis of subgroups or subsetsNot applicable Contact details for further informationIbrahim Gwarzo                               Page: 2 / 4PROSPEROInternational prospective register of systematic reviewsgwarzo@sph.tamhsc.edu Organisational affiliation of the reviewTexas A&M University, School of Public Healthhttps://sph.tamhsc.edu/ Review team members and their organisational affiliationsMr Ibrahim Gwarzo. Texas A&M University, School of Public HealthProfessor Jennifer Horney. University of Delaware School of Public HealthProfessor Margaret Foster. Librarian Type and method of reviewEpidemiologic, Meta-analysis, Systematic review Anticipated or actual start date03 December 2018 Anticipated completion date23 August 2019 Funding sources/sponsorsNone Conflicts of interest LanguageEnglish CountryUnited States of America Stage of reviewReview Ongoing Subject index terms statusSubject indexing assigned by CRD Subject index termsBrain Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Humans; United States Date of registration in PROSPERO23 April 2019 Date of first submission22 March 2019 Details of any existing review of the same topic by the same authors Stage of review at time of this submission                               Page: 3 / 4PROSPEROInternational prospective register of systematic reviews Stage Started CompletedPreliminary searches No NoPiloting of the study selection process Yes NoFormal screening of search results against eligibility criteria No NoData extraction No NoRisk of bias (quality) assessment No NoData analysis No NoThe record owner confirms that the information they have supplied for this submission is accurate andcomplete and they understand that deliberate provision of inaccurate information or omission of data may beconstrued as scientific misconduct.The record owner confirms that they will update the status of the review when it is completed and will addpublication details in due course. 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Epidemiologic burden of traumatic brain injury in the United States: a systematic review

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Epidemiologic burden of traumatic brain injury in the United States: a systematic review

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Epidemiologic burden of traumatic brain injury in the United States: a systematic review

Abstract

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Texas A&amp;M Repository

Texas A&M Repository