Neuston samples (144) collected monthly from January to December 2004 from the north of the Mexican Caribbean Sea were analyzed. Trawlings were made at twelve sites along the coast, from Puerto Morelos to Cancun with a neuston net (0.60X 0.80 m; mesh 330µ) for 10 min., near surface. Salinity (spu), temperature (°C), and Oxygen (mg/l), were measured in situ, allowing the characterization of two climatic regimes: dry and wet season, and three environments: coastal (with oceanic characteristics), lagoon, and reef areas. A total of 5,577 fish larvae were captured (4,398.5 larvae/100 m3 ) corresponding to 55 families and 115 taxa. Gobies were the most conspicuous taxa, they were found in all three environments and ratify previous reports by other workers. Ctenogobius sp. (26.6%), Gobionellus sp.1 (17.9%), and Harengula jaguana (6.7%), made up more than 51%. Seasonally, highest average abundance was recorded in the dry season (56.9%) peaking in March (9.1±4.5 larvae/100 m3 ). The lagoon environment contained the lowest species richness (44) than the coastal (78) or reef (82) areas, but more larvae were caught (2,865.6 larvas/100 m3 ), a number higher than those collected at the other two environments put together.Se analizaron 144 muestras de neuston recolectadas mensualmente de enero a diciembre del 2004 en el Estado de Quintana Roo, Mar Caribe de México. Los arrastres se realizaron cerca de la superficie por 10 min., en 12 sitios de captura con una red de Neuston (0.60 X 0.80 m; malla 330 µm). Se registraron la temperatura (°C), salinidad (ups) y el oxígeno disuelto (mg/L), que permitieron caracterizar las condiciones hidrográficas de los lugares de muestreo. Se identificaron dos regímenes climáticos: secas y lluvias, y tres ambientes: costero (con características oceánicas), lagunar y arrecifal, cada uno con condiciones ambientales propias. Se capturaron un total de 5,577 larvas (4,398.5 larvas/100 m3 ) distribuidas en 55 familias y 115 taxa. La familia Gobiidae fue la más conspícua y se encontró en todos los ambientes, lo cual ratifica estudios previos de otros autores. Ctenogobius sp. (26.6%), Gobionellus sp. (17.9%) y Harengula jaguana (6.7%), sumaron más del 51% de las capturas. Temporalmente las mayores densidades promedio se encontraron en la época de secas (56.9%) con marzo como el mes de mayor abundancia (9.1±4.5 larvas/100 m3 ). El sistema Lagunar Nichupté presentó una menor riqueza de especies (42) que la zona costera (78) o arrecifal (82), pero en cambio, registró una abundancia (2,865.6 larvas/100 m3 ) inclusive mayor que los otros dos ambientes juntos
