Milletia versicolor Baker is a plant used in the Congolese traditional medicine for the treatment of intestine parasitosis. A chemical study carried out from its methanolic extract has concluded with the isolation using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of four organic acids; tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic aci

Banzounzi, JT

Ekouya, A

Moudachirou, M

Ongoka, PR

Ouamba, JM

Poupat, C

English

AJOL - African Journals Online

African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 5 (16), pp. 1427-1429, 17 August 2006 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2006 Academic Journals     Review  Fatty acids isolated from Milletia versicolor Baker (Fabaceae)  Ongoka P. R.1,2, Banzounzi J. T.3, Poupat, C.3, Ekouya, A.2, Ouamba, J. M.2 and Moudachirou, M.4  1Département des Sciences Exactes, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP 69, Brazzaville – Congo. 2Unité de chimie du végétal et de la vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Marien Ngouabi, BP 69, Brazzaville – Congo. 3Institut de chimie de Substances Naturelles Gif/yvette France. 4Université d’Abomey Calavi, Cotonou – Bénin.  Accepted 11 July, 2006  Milletia versicolor Baker is a plant used in the Congolese traditional medicine for the treatment of intestine parasitosis. A chemical study carried out from its methanolic extract has concluded with the isolation using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) of four organic acids; tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid.   Key words: Milletia vesicolor, organic acid, GC/MS.   INTRODUCTION  Milletia versicolor decotion is used in Congolese traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases among which are intestine parasitosis, rhumatism and pain. It is also used as an anti inflammatory drug and in the treatment of female infertility (Adjanohoun et al., 1988; Bouquet, 1969,) A preliminary chemical study (Ongoka et al., 2004) has revealed the presence of numerous secondary metabolites in the acqueous and alcoholic extracts such as flavonoids, tanins, polyphenols, saponines, terpenes and steroids. The pharmacological study carried out with those extracts has shown that they had a vermicide effect (Ongoka, 2005). This study was undertaken in order to isolate the fatty acids in the methanol extract.   METHODOLOGY  Milletia versicolor Baker leaves (Fabaceae) were collected in Mossaka area in the Cuvette Region (North of Congo). It has been authentified by the Department of    *Corresponding authors E-mail: ongokapascal@yahoo.fr.  Vegetable Biology and Physiology of the Université Marien Ngouabi where a voucher specimen has been deposited. These leaves were dried under shade and then ground into powder. This powder was used for the preparation of extracts. A soxhlet extraction of 70 g of vegetal material was carried out with methanol. After eliminating the solvent, 10 g of a residue was obtained. 5 g of this methanolic extract were successively separated on Sephadex HL20 in a silicon column. Three fractions were obtained and they were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the following preparatory conditions: carries gas helium at a flow rate of 2 ml/min; temperature of 160°C (2 min) up to 280°C; and the solvent used is dichloromethane.   RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  The results obtained after analysis of the GC/MS have shown the presence of several compounds among which are four fatty acids: tetradecanoid acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and otadecanoic acid (Figure 1). These fatty acids are well known compounds but they were isolated for the first time from M. versicolor extract. However acids with long chain have been isolated by   1428      Afr. J. Biotechnol.          Figure 1. GC/MS analysis of methanolic extract of Milletia versicolor indicating four fatty acids: tetradecanoid, pentadecanoic, hexadecanoic and otadecanoic acids. Ongoka et al.       1429      Figure 1 Contd. GC/MS analysis of methanolic extract of Milletia versicolor indicating four fatty acids: tetradecanoid, pentadecanoic, hexadecanoic and otadecanoic acids.    Vieux and Ngiefu (1970) from Milletia laurenti; these are palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoic acid, arachidic acid and eicosanoic acid. The known acids isolated from extracts of plants are the ellagic and gallic acids which have aromatic kernels in their structure (Banzouzi et al., 2002; Pari and Moyse, 1976). Only ellagic acid has an antiparasitic activity. Other compoonds which have already been isolated from M. versicolor include furoquinon (Tagatsind et al., 2003) which have anti inflammatory activity and a terpene, lupeol (Ekouya et al., 1990), whose biological activity is not known.   This study has permitted us to isolate four fatty acids with a linear chain from the methanolic extract of M. versicolor. Further investigation will be carried out in order to study their biological activities.   REFERENCES  Adjanohoun EJ, Ahyi AMR, Ake Assi L, Moutsambote JM, Mpati J, Doulou V, Baniakina J (1988). Médecine traditionnelle et  pharmacopée : contribution aux études ethnobotaniques et floristiques en République Populaire du Congo - Rapport ACCT Paris,  p. 605. Bouquet A (1969). Féticheur et médecine traditionnelle du Congo Brazzaville. Mémoires ORSTOM, Paris; 36, 282. Ongoka PR, Ekouya  A, Diatewa M, Bakoumasse-Ngamba G. et Atti R (2004). Etude chimique des plantes Médicinales : cas des plantes anthelminthiques du Congo Brazzaville. Rev. Méd. Pharm. Afr. 18: 161-167.  Ongoka PR (2005). Etude Ethnobotanique, Pharmacologique et chimique des plantes. Anthelminthiques du Congo Brazzaville. Thèse de Doctorat d’Etat, Faculté lira des Sciences. Université Marien Ngouabi,  Brazzaville – Congo. p. 171. Vieux A, Kabeke Ngiefu C (1970). Oil plants in the Democratic republic of the Congo. Univ. Lovanium, Kinshasa RDC. Oleagineux . 25 (7): 395-399. Banzouzi JT, Prado R, Menah, Valentin A, Roumestan C, Mallié Pelssierer Y, Blache Y (2002). In vitro antiplasmodial activity of extracts of Alcchornea cordifolia andb identification of ban active constituent: ellagic acid. J. Ethnopharmacol; 81(3): 399-401. Pari RR, Moyse H (1976). Précis de Matière Médicale. Pharmacologie Générale. Pharmacologie Spéciale.. Tome I. 2ème Edition Masson. Paris, France. Tagatsind M, Yankep E, Najem D, Fomum T, Nyasse B, Bodo B, Reccio C, Giner RM, Rios J (2003). Identification of an Ani-inflammatory. principle from the stem bark of Milletia versicolor.  Planta. Med.; 69: 767-770. Ekouya A, Tchissambou L, Onanga M, Ouabonzi A, Ongoka P, Bayitoukou A (1990). Milletia versicolor: Etude chimique et pharmacologique. Discovery and Innovation. 2 (2): 45-47.              

Fatty acids isolated from Milletia versicolor Baker (Fabaceae)

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Fatty acids isolated from Milletia versicolor Baker (Fabaceae)

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