The rediscovery of Rhagio chrysostigma (Loew, 1857) after ca. 90 years, as well as the first record from Slovenia, are presented. The published data of this species are known only from northeastern Italy and are based on old records (Loew 1857, Schiner 1862, Szilády 1934)

Dvořák, Libor

English

Libor Dvořák

NEUROSURGERY ENTHUSIASTIC WOMEN SOCIETY

REDISCOVERY OF RHAGIO CHRYSOSTIGMA (LOEW, 1857)  (DIPTERA: RHAGIONIDAE)

ZENODO

University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology: Open Journal Systems

 Acta Entomologica Serbica, 2021, 26(2): xx-xx UDC:  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5547149    REDISCOVERY OF RHAGIO CHRYSOSTIGMA (LOEW, 1857)  (DIPTERA: RHAGIONIDAE)   LIBOR DVOŘÁK  Tři Sekery 21, CZ-35301 Mariánské Lázně, Czech Republic  E-mail: lib.dvorak@seznam.cz    Abstract  The rediscovery of Rhagio chrysostigma (Loew, 1857) after ca. 90 years, as well as the first record from Slovenia, are presented. The published data of this species are known only from northeastern Italy and are based on old records (Loew 1857, Schiner 1862, Szilády 1934).  KEY WORDS: Diptera, faunistics, Slovenia, new records   Introduction  In 2015, the author identified a Rhagio male from Slovenia, which was photographed by Janez Kamin and posted on diptera.info, as R. chrysostigma (Loew, 1857). In 2021, the author was contacted by J. Kamin with the information that another specimen had been photographed and collected. In this contribution, the results of those two events are published.   Material  Slovenia, Ajševica village, about a mile away from Nova Gorica, humid wood, 31.05.2015, 1 ♂ (Fig. 1), Janez Kamin photo, Libor Dvořák det.  Slovenia, Ajševica vill., bank of Lijak stream, 45°57'35"N, 13°43'12"E, open forest, undergrowth, 10.06.2021, 1 ♀ (Figs. 2-4), Janez Kamin lgt., det. et photo, Libor Dvořák revid. et coll.  2 L. DVOŘÁK                           Fig. 1. Male Rhagio chrysostigma. Photo by Janez Kamin.     Fig. 2. Female Rhagio chrysostigma from dorsal view. Photo by Janez Kamin.  Rediscovery of Rhagio chrysostigma (Loew, 1857) (Diptera: Rhagionidae) 3    Fig. 3. Female Rhagio chrysostigma from lateral view. Photo by Janez Kamin.     Fig. 4. Female Rhagio chrysostigma from ventral view. Photo by Janez Kamin. 4 L. DVOŘÁK  Identification  As the last identification key for European Rhagio spp., including R. chrysostigma, is almost 80 years old, herein are presented some characteristics of R. chrysostigma and some similar species. R. chrysostigma has a bicolored stigma; two other European species with such colored stigma are R. maculatus (De Geer, 1776) and R. immaculatus Meigen, 1804. Both species (R. maculatus and R. immaculatus) could be separated from R. chrysostigma by having the grey or black parts of thorax. The main characteristics distinguishing R. chrysostigma from another similar species, R. tringarius (Linnaeus, 1758), are bicolored stigma and strong black setae on the palpi, lower part of the head and on the apical quarter-to-half of all coxae.   Discussion  There are few published data concerning R. chrysostigma. The species was described by Loew (1857) as Leptis chrysostigma from Tergeste (= Trieste), based on males only. Meyer-Dür (1862) mentions the species from Switzerland in a paper on the fauna of Burgdorf (North of the Alps). Schiner (1862) published the key covering the territory of Austria and adjacent territories: he caught both sexes in Trieste (which at this time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire). Other identification keys were later published by Becker (1921) and Lindner (1925). There is a note in the key by Szilády (1934) that R. chrysostigma is known from Görtz (=Gorizia) and Trieste, both currently in Italy: I was unable to find any paper with precise faunistic data of the record from Görtz. The distribution of R. chrysostigma in the Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera (Majer 1988) was noted only from Yugoslavia. This is probably based on the fact that Trieste was an independent territory after World War II, later acquiring its two neighbors, Italy and Yugoslavia (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_Territory_of_Trieste for the details). Majer and Bächli (1997) wrote that the old record mentioned from Switzerland is doubtful and the species’ biology unknown. This species is treated as having dubious occurrence in the Checklist of Swiss Diptera (Majer 1998). However, Majer (2017) listed the distribution of R. chrysostigma as being Italy and Switzerland.  The data published in our paper represent the first precise records from Slovenia, and moreover, the rediscovery of the species after ca. 90 years. The rediscovery is due to an increase in interest in Rhagionidae after a long period without any studies whatsoever. Similar cases are R. sardosus and R. maculipennis (Zeegers and Alvarez Fidalgo 2018).   Conclusions  Currently, the distribution of R. chrysostigma is known from a small area near Trieste Bay in the northeastern part of the Adriatic Sea: Trieste/Tergeste (Loew 1857, Schiner 1862), Gorizia/Görtz (Szilády 1934), and the records published herein from Ajševica (Fig. 5). The actual distribution range of this species is still in need of investigation.       Rediscovery of Rhagio chrysostigma (Loew, 1857) (Diptera: Rhagionidae) 5    Fig. 5. Present known distribution of Rhagio chrysostigma. Circles – old records, squares – new records.   Acknowledgements  The author is indebted to Janez Kamin (Nova Gorica, Slovenia) for providing the photographs and voucher specimen of R. chrysostigma. Jozef Oboňa (University of Prešov, Slovakia) added valuable comments to the manuscript and Darwyn Sumner (Dipterists Forum, United Kingdom) kindly revised the English. The author would like to thank the two reviewers whose comments helped to significantly improve the manuscript.   References  Becker, T. (1921). Neue Dipteren meiner Sammlung. Neue Beiträge zur systematischen Insektenkunde, 2, 41-48. Lindner, E. (1925). Rhagionidae. In Lindner, E. (Ed.): Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. Schweizerbarfsche, Stuttgart. 411, 1-49. Loew, H. (1857). Dipterologische Notizen. Wiener Entomologische Monatsschrift, 1, 1-10. Majer, J. (1988). Family Rhagionidae. In Soós, A., & Papp, L. (Eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Akademiai Kiadó, Budapest, 446 pp. 6 L. DVOŘÁK  Majer, J. (1998). Rhagionidae. In Merz, B., Bächli, G., Haenni, J.-P., & Gonseth, Y. (Eds) Diptera Checklist. Fauna Helvetica, 1, 150-151. Centre suisse de Cartographie de la Faune / Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchâtel. Majer, J. M. (2017). Fauna Europaea: Rhagionidae. In Beuk, P,. & Pape, T. (Eds.): Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Brachycera. Fauna Europaea version 2017.06 [Online database]. Majer, J. M., & Bächli, G. (1997). The Rhagionidae (Diptera) of Switzerland. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 70(3-4), 387-397. Meyer-Dür, R. (1862). Sammelberichte über entomologische Vorkommnisse um Burgdorf, vom Sommer 1862. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 1(2), 32-36. Schiner, I. J. R. (1862). Fauna Austriaca. Die Fliegen (Diptera). Nach der analytischen Methode bearb., mit der Characteristik sämmtlicher europäischer Gattungen, der Beschreibung aller in Deutschland vorkommenden Arten und der Aufzählung aller bisher beschriebenen Arten. Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien, 674 pp. Szilády, Z. (1934). Die palaearktischen Rhagioniden. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 28, 229-270. Zeegers, T., & Alvarez Fidalgo, P. (2018). Review of the scolopaceus-group of Rhagio Fabricius, 1775 with the description of a new species from the Iberian Peninsula (Diptera: Rhagionidae). Biodiversidad Virtual news, Publicaciones científicas, 7(96), 91-123.         ПОНОВНИ НАЛАЗ RHAGIO CHRYSOSTIGMA (LOEW, 1857)  (DIPTERA: RHAGIONIDAE)   ЛИБОР ДВОРЖАК    Извод  Поновно откриће Rhagio chrysostigma (Loew, 1857) после скоро 90 година, као и први налаз за Републику Словенију су представљени у овом раду. Претходни налази ове врсте су познати само из североисточне Италије и базирани су на старим публикацијама (Loew 1857, Schiner 1862, Szilády 1934).      Received: July 15th, 2021 Accepted: September 9th, 2021 

REDISCOVERY OF RHAGIO CHRYSOSTIGMA (LOEW, 1857) (DIPTERA: RHAGIONIDAE)

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NEUROSURGERY ENTHUSIASTIC WOMEN SOCIETY

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University of Belgrade - Faculty of Biology: Open Journal Systems