Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, an important lexicon of Ayurveda consists of 23 Vargas where Guduchyadi Varga is one among them which consists of 190 drugs. Among them 28 drugs are attributed to Vrushya property. As Infertility has emerged as one of the most common health issues that many young couples are facing, there is a great demand for the treatment of infertility. While, the herbal therapies are better positioned to offer more holistic approaches to improve reproductive health. So here an attempt is made to screen the Vrushya Dravyas mentioned in Guduchyadi Varga of&nbsp; Bhavaprakasha Nighantu with their Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka

Dr. Dhanush SS

Lakshmi SP

Prakash L. Hegde

English

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)

                                                     REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 3 46  A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu Dhanush SS1, Lakshmi SP2, Prakash L. Hegde3 *1Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of Dravyaguna, S.D.M College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. 2Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of Dravyaguna, S.D.M College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. 3Professor and Head, Dept of Dravyaguna, S.D.M College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.                INTRODUCTION Vajikarana is one among the eight branches of Astangas of Ayurveda. The term Vrushya has been used as a synonym for Vajikarana. Literally the word Vrushya denotes, the drugs, which potentiate sexual vigour or promote Shukra (seminal parameters) or both.[1] Vrushya Dravyas act as Vaajikara also, but all Vaajikara Dravyas do not possess Vrushya property. This appears due to predominance of stimulant action on Shukravaha Samsthana in Vaajikara Dravyas while Vrushya has mainly qualitative and quantitative effect on Shukra.[2] Among the Sapta Dhatus mentioned in our  classics,  Shukra  is   considered   as   seventh  one  Address for correspondence:  Dr. Dhanush SS Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of Dravyaguna, S.D.M College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India. E-mail: vaidyadhanush@gmail.com  Submission Date: 15/05/2021 Accepted Date: 21/06/2021 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in  Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CC-by-NC-SA which is endowed with the function of Garbhotpadana and considered as the purest Dhatu. It is pure to such an extent that it lacks Mala. Acharya Charaka considers Shukra as one among the Dashapranaayatanas (ten abodes of life) and should be protected first as its diminution causes various diseases and even death.[3] Infertility is a condition in which a couple is unable to conceive despite having unprotected sexual intercourse for over a year. Infertility, over recent years, has emerged as one of the most common health issues that many young couples are facing. Sedentary lifestyles with minimum physical activity, irregular sleep pattern, smoking, alcohol and other external factors such as pollution and stress also affect semen production and quality. Persons with lifestyle issues like obesity and Diabetes tend to increase the chances of infertility. Both male and female infertility is common in India. While female infertility accounts for 40-50% of infertility cases, male infertility accounts for 30-40% of cases. According to a report by World Health Organization (WHO), one in every four couples in developing countries is affected by infertility.  Percentage of Male infertility has been growing over the last few years.[4] The global A B S T R A C T  Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, an important lexicon of Ayurveda consists of 23 Vargas where Guduchyadi Varga is one among them which consists of 190 drugs. Among them 28 drugs are attributed to Vrushya property. As Infertility has emerged as one of the most common health issues that many young couples are facing, there is a great demand for the treatment of infertility. While, the herbal therapies are better positioned to offer more holistic approaches to improve reproductive health. So here an attempt is made to screen the Vrushya Dravyas mentioned in Guduchyadi Varga of  Bhavaprakasha Nighantu with their Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka. Key words: Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, Guduchyadi Varga, Vrushya Dravyas, Infertility.     Dhanush SS et al. A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu ISSN: 2456-3110                                                       REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 3 47  deterioration of reproductive health is a major concern and the therapeutic approaches to combat male infertility are expensive, less accessible, have long term tenure and possess side effects. While, the herbal therapies are better positioned to offer more holistic approaches to improve male reproductive health. In the present paper an effort is made to enlist the Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, a lexicon of 16th century by Bhavamishra. After screening the Varga 28 drugs which possess Vrushya property are enlisted with their Rasa Panchakas.  MATERIALS AND METHODS A thorough review of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu has been done. 190 drugs of the Varga were critically reviewed for the drugs possessing Vrushya Karma and are enlisted with their Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka and Karma.[5] For botanical identity of the drugs, Indian medicinal plants by Kiritikar and Basu was referred.[6] Table 1: List of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga Drug Botanical Name Rasa Guna Veerya Vipaka Karma Gambhari Phala Gmelina arborea  Kashaya Tikta Guru Ushna Madhura Vrushya Prishniparni Uraria picta Madhura Asara Ushna Madhura Vrushya Gokshura Tribulus terrestris Madhura  Sheeta  Vrushya Mudgaparni Phaseolus trilobus Tikta, Madhura Ruksha, Laghu Sheeta  Vrushya Shobhanjana Moringa oleifera Katu, Tikta Tikshna, Laghu Ushna Katu Vrushya Gandhaprasarini Paederia foetida Tikta Guru, Sara Ushna Katu Vrushya Gunja Abrus precatorious Tikta, Kashaya Laghu, Tikshna Ushna Katu Vrushya Kapikacchu Mucuna pruriens Madhura, Tikta Guru, Snigdha Sheeta Madhura Vrushya Mamsarohini Swietenia febrifuga - Sara   Vrushya Mushalikanda Curculigo Orchioides Madhura, Tikta Guru, Picchila Ushna Madhura Vrushya Kokilaksha Astercantha longifolia Tikta  Sheeta  Vrushya Patalagarudi Cocculus hirsutus Tikta Laghu, Picchila Ushna Katu Vrushya Karpasi Gossypium hebaceum Madhura Laghu Ushna Katu Vrushya Bhadramunja Saccharum munja Madhura, Kashaya - Sheeta - Vrushya Eraka  Typha elephantine  - - Sheeta - Vrushya Kumari Aloe vera Tikta Guru, Snigdha Picchila Sheeta Katu Vrushya Asthisamhari Cissus quadrangularis Madhura, Katu Sara, Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Madhura Vrushya Shankapushpi Covolvulus pluricaulis Kashaya Sara Ushna  Vrushya Dugdhika Euphorbia hirta Madhura, Tikta Guru, Ruksha   Vrushya Ashwagandha Withania somnifera Tikta, Kashaya Laghu, Snigdha Ushna Madhura Atishukrala Dhanush SS et al. A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu ISSN: 2456-3110                                                       REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 3 48  Krishnasaariva Ichnocarpus frutescens Madhura  Guru   Shukrala Jala Pippali Phyla nodiflora Kashaya Laghu, Ruksha Sheeta Katu Shukrala Vidarikanda Pueraria tuberose Madhura Snigdha, Guru Sheeta  Shukrada Kakamachi Solanum nigrum Tikta Snigdha Ushna Katu Shukrada Vaarahikanda Dioscorea bulbifera Madhura Snigdha, Guru Sheeta  Shukra Vruddhadaruka Agyreia speciosa Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Sara Ushna  Shukra Shatavari  Asperagus racemosus Tikta, Madhura Guru, Snigdha Sheeta Madhura Shukrakari Lakshmana Ipomea sepiaria Madhura Guru Sheeta Madhura Putrajanani DISCUSSION Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu consists of 190 drugs in total. Among them 28 drugs have been attributed with Vrushya Karma.[5]  Based on Rasa Panchaka  Here most of the drugs possess Madhura, Tikta and Kashaya Rasa, Sheeta Veerya, Guru, Snigdha and Sara Guna. Madhura and Kashaya Rasa, Sheeta Veerya Dravyas increases the muscular strength of reproductive system.[7] Madhura Rasa, Madhura Vipaka and Guru Guna are considered as Dhatu Pustikara and inturn nourishes Shukradhatu. Snigdha Guna helps in increasing the volume of the semen whereas Sara Guna helps in improving the motility of the sperm.[8] Hence the above said Dravyas may play their role in oligospermia and azoospermia conditions. Kapikacchu seeds possess Madhura Rasa, Guru and Snigdha Guna, Madhura Vipaka and Sheeta Veerya. Guru and Snigdha Guna and Madhura Rasa have been mentioned as qualities of Vrushya Dravyas by Charaka. Here Guru, Snigdha Guna and Madhura Rasa are similar to the properties of Shukra.[9] Hence it increases the Shukra by Samanya Vishesha Siddhantha. Kapikacchu has Madhura Rasa which is called as Shareera Satmya, Shukrabhivardhana and Marutagna, hence it directly increases Shukra, can be used in Shukra Dushti. It has Madhura Vipaka which is called as Srista Vinmutra and Shukrala hence acts as Vrushya and helps to increase as well as ejaculate Shukra. It has Sheeta Veerya so it can be used to delay ejaculation in case of premature ejaculation.[10] In addition, Kapikacchu is a good source of dopamine. More specific to sexual function, it is likely that dopamine can trigger penile erection, by acting on neurons located in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.[8] It has been proven that Mucuna pruriens not only reactivates the anti-oxidant defence mechanism, but also helps in the management of stress and improves semen qualities.[10] Based on Dosha According to Sushruta Samhita and Astanga Sangraha, Shukra Doshas are either due to vitiation of  Doshas individually or combination of any of two or three Doshas. According to Dosha dominance, the drugs having Madhura Rasa, Ushna Veerya and Guru, Snigdha properties like Prishniparni, Musali Kandha, Karpaasi can be used in Vata dominant condition. The drugs attributed with Madhura, Tikta Rasa, Sheeta Veerya and Snigdha properties like Gokshura, Mudgaparni, Kokilaksha, Kakamachi, Vaarahikanda, Shankapuspi, Shatavari can be administered in Pitta dominant condition. The drugs attributed with Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Ushna Veerya and Laghu Rooksha properties like Shigru, Asthisamhari, Ashwagandha, Vruddadaruka can be used for Kapha dominant conditions.  CONCLUSION Infertility is emerging as one of the major problems in the present world. Vrushya Dravyas can be a ray of hope to the patients of infertility. “Bhavaprakasha Nighantu” enlists most of the drugs, where Guduchyadi Varga is one among them which consists Dhanush SS et al. A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu ISSN: 2456-3110                                                       REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2021  Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2021 | Vol. 6 | Issue 3 49  of 190 drugs among which 19 drugs possess Vrushya Karma, 2 drugs possess Shukrala Karma, 2 drugs possess Shukrada, 2 drugs are Shukra and 1 drug possess Atishukrala Karma. Based on Yukthi Vaidya can use these drugs for the management of seminal morbidities according to Doshic predominance.  REFERENCES 1. Manoj KD, Dwivedi LK and Namrata J. Vrishya (spermatogenesis and sexual vitality) and Garbhadoshahara Dravyas (uterine hormone regulator) used in the manufacture of Pushpadhanva Rasa - A critical review. Asian pacific journal of nursing. 2014; 1(1): 31-45. 2. Piyush C, Neha L and Mehra BL. Vrishya and Vajikarana - Exploring ancient science of Aphrodisiacs. The journal of research and education in Indian medicine. 2017; 10.5455/JREIM. 82-143261797. 3. Chakrapanidatta. Charaka Samhita. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi. Edition 5, 2001: 338. 4. Ashwini K and Ajeet VS. Prevalence of primary infertility and its associated risk factors in urban population of  central India: A community based cross sectional study. International journal of science and research. 2019; 44(4): 337-341. 5. Chunekar KC. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu (Indian materia medica). Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi. reprint 2018:257-465 6. Kiritikar KR and Basu BD. Indian medicinal plants. International book distributors. 1987. 7. Abhay JG, Swagata T, Prashant B and Patgiri BJ. Herbs indicated in the management of infertility wsr Vandyatwa and Klaibya: A review. World journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. 2016; 5(6): 599-608. 8. Mukesh K, Sarvesh K, Gopesh M and Srinivas S. Clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Yapana Basti and Vanari Gutika in the management of Klaibya wsr to Erectile dysfunction. International journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research. 2017; 5(5): 34-39. 9. Kashinath S and Gorakhnath C. Charaka Samhita. Chaukhamabha bharati academy, Varanasi. reprint 2009:92. 10. Sharma T, Ramamurthy A, Nathani S and Anand P. A clinical evaluation of efficacy of Kapikacchu choorna (Black seeds) in the management of klaibya. International journal of Ayurvedic medicine 2016; 7(3): 201-205.   *******************************  How to cite this article: Dhanush SS, Lakshmi SP, Prakash L. Hegde. A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2021;3:46-49.  Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.   

A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu

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A Review of Vrushya Dravyas of Guduchyadi Varga of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu

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