This paper extends the literature on organizational culture and effectiveness by examining a set of foreign-owned firms operating in Russia. Based on a large-scale empirical study of 179 firms and four in-depth case studies, this study examines the applicability of an American model of organizational culture and effectiveness in the Russian context. The results of the empirical study are presented first and are compared to results for a sample of firms in the USA. Next, four case studies are used to ground the empirical results and to identify other aspects of organizational culture in the Russian context which appear to be linked to effectiveness, but are not included in the model.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/39566/3/wp179.pd