This article presents some reflections on the data contained in the Portrait of Inequalities
of Gender and Race – 3rd Edition on socioeconomic inequalities and poverty. Following a line of
argument that, as categories of social control, gender and ethnicity shape regulatory frameworks
of social opportunities, we present some data on inequality between men and women and
between blacks and whites that illustrate the inequities of power associated with them. It is
emphasized that these categories are fundamental to understand the production and reproduction
of inequities of power that permeate Brazilian society