Interpretation of electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and biochemical findings during different stages of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that cardiac alterations participate within different stages of CVL. Materials and methods. Twenty-eight dogs were diagnosed with CVL, were classified [based on clinical signs, rapid ELISA/IFAT, hematological and serum biochemical tests, urinary protein/creatinine ratio, ECG and ECHO]. as follows; group I (mild disease), group II (moderate disease), group III (severe disease), group IV (very severe disease) and group V included healthy controls. Results. Ig G antibodies against leishmaniasis as tested by IFAT, were deemed 1/64 to 1/16000 among infected groups. There were statistical significance regarding mean values for WBC [among healthy control group (V.) and other groups (p=0.049)], RBC [among stage III-stage IV and other groups (p=0.001)], Hb [between stage I and stage III-stage IV (p=0.008), HCT [between stage I and other groups (p = 0.001)] MCHC [between stage I and stage II- stage IV (p=0.046)], serum creatinine [(p=0.008) stage IV and stage I-II within group V], serum protein [(p=0.002) among stage IV and stage I-III- healthy control groups] and serum albumine [(p=0.004) among stage IV and stage I-II]. There was no alteration in CTnI concentrations,among groups. UPC analysis revealed statistical difference among control group and stage II to IV dogs (p=0.000). Moderate or severe ECG abnormalities were detected in 6/28 of diseased dogs. Regarding ECHO examination LA/ Ao value presented significant difference (p=0.003) among stage IV and other groups. Conclusions. It may be suggested that establishing Leishvet Working Group to those of dogs classified into stage I to IV, ECG [left atrial/ventricular enlargement, myocardial hypoxia] and ECHO [left atrial dilation, decrased/increased LVIDs, decrased/increased LVIDd, shortened FS and EF (systolic dysfunction)] alterations must be taken into account along with hematological and serum biochemical analysis