Banniza, S.

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University of Saskatchewan Research Archive

Could someone please drain my soils? I want to grow pulsesSabine Banniza, Crop Development Centre, University of SaskatchewanEarly and late season precipitation in Saskatchewan 2005-20150100200300400500600Precipitation (mm)July to OctoberApril to JuneRoot rot pathogens in Saskatchewan• Caused by a combination of species ⇒ ROOT ROT COMPLEX– Fusarium spp.– sometimes Rhizoctonia and Pythium– in many cases APHANOMYCES euteiches• Very persistent and potentially very aggressiveSymptomsCourtesy of S. Phelps, SPG• Peas and lentil do not like wet feet• A pea or lentil plant in wet soil is a stressed plant even without presence of pathogensPeas grown in STERILE field soil: left normal watering, right water-logged conditionsWet soils, peas and lentilEffect of water-logging on aphanomyces root rot severityNormal wateringNon sterile      vs      sterile field soilWater-loggedNon sterile       vs     sterile field soilUndergraduate student thesis project 2013: Matthew TetreaultContributing factors to root rot increase: Soil compactionCourtesy of Dr. S. Chatterton, AAFCRotation• Generally 4-year rotations • In case of Aphanomyces 6-to 8-year rotations away from a susceptible hostCrop selection• All pulse crops susceptible to Fusarium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia• PEA, LENTIL, MANY ALFALFA, AND SOME BEAN VARIETIES are SUSCEPTIBLE to aphanomyces root rot• Soybean, faba bean and chickpeas have good partial resistance to aphanomyces root rotCrop resistance to Aphanomyces020406080100120Root discolouration(% of CDC Meadow)020406080100120Root discolouration (% of CDC Meadow)PEA LENTIL020406080100Root discolouration (% of CDC Meadow)CDCAAFCDRY BEAN020406080100Root discolouration (% of CDC Meadow)FABA BEANhttp://saskpulse.com/communications/magazines/pulse-point/Aphanomyces – Partially resistant crop ALFALFA020406080100Root discolouration (% of CDC Meadow)Soil sampling for root rot diagnostic• SPG-funded research project on spatial distribution of Aphanomyces/risk model• Variation in depth• Variation across the field0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.0Disease rating (0-5)0-20 cm 20-40 cm 40-60 cmAnthony Erickson & Syama Chatterton, AAFC LethbridgeSuppression of Aphanomyces root rot through fungicides• Intego Solo– Full label for pulses except pea– Received emergency registration again for pea in 2016– Multiple mode of action including inhibition of cell division• Phostrol– Possible registration for pea in 2017• Others….????Faba bean• Good partial resistance to aphanomyces root rot• Susceptible to foliar diseases:– Chocolate spot (Botrytis)– Ascochyta blight– Anthracnose (?)Rohan Kimber and Jenny Davidson (SARDI, South Australia)Lesions NOT caused by pathogensRohan Kimber and Jenny Davidson (SARDI, South Australia)Faba beans at Kernen 2015 Viper and BasagranapplicationFungicide applications • Most efficacious application before canopy closure (3-5 flowering node?)• Later applications if rain and/or canopy remains wet– Botrytis spores (chocolate spot) are air-borne!Growth stages of faba beansBBCH Code Definition9 Seedling emergence10 Shoot with scale leaves11 First leaf unfolds15-20 Further leafy nodes21 First side shoots50 First flower bud visible61 First flowering node in bloom65 Full flower: 5th flowering node in bloom71 10% of pods have reached maximum size89 Full maturity: all pods dark, seeds hard and dry Meier, U 2001. BBCH Monografie. Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land und ForstwirtschaftCanopy closureLentil disease refresher• Anthracnose, ascochyta blight • Sclerotinia white mould, botrytis grey mould, stemphylium blight • Highest efficacy of fungicide at 8- to 9-node stage• Limited control of late season disease• Chlorothalonil under review!A successful 2016!Agri-Food CanadaAgriculture andCROP DEVELOPMENT CENTRE

Could someone please drain my soils? I want to grow pulses

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Could someone please drain my soils? I want to grow pulses

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