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Previous issue date: 2015Hospital Giselda Trigueiro. Natal, RN, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN, Brasil /Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical. Rio de |Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical. Rio de |Janeiro, RJ, Brasil./ Weill Cornell Medical College. Division of Infectious Diseases and Center for Global Health. New York, NY, USA.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Departamento de Arquitetura. Natal, RN, Brasil.Instituto Nacional de Seguridade Social. Mossoró, RN, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT/DT). Salvador, BA, Brasil.Introduction—Leprosy is a public health problem in Brazil where 31,044 new cases were detected in 2013. Rio Grande do Norte is a small Brazilian state with a rate of leprosy lower than other areas in the same region, for unknown reasons.
Objectives—We present here a review based on the analysis of a database of registered leprosy cases in Rio Grande do Norte state, comparing leprosy's geographic distribution among municipalities with local socio-economic and public health indicators and with historical documents about human migration in this Brazilian region.
Results—The current distribution of leprosy in Rio Grande do Norte did not show correlation with socio-economic or public health indicators at the municipal level, but it appears related to economically emerging municipalities 100 years ago, with spread facilitated by railroads and train stations. Drought-related migratory movements which occurred from this state to leprosy endemic areas within the same period may be involved in the introduction of leprosy and with its present distribution within Rio Grande do Norte
