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Previous issue date: 2014Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.As globally reported, tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of
illness and death worldwide, with increased burden mainly
in developing countries. The Stop TB Partnership goals
embrace dropping the global TB burden by half in 2015
and eliminating TB as a public health problem by 2050.
As an ancient microbe highly adapted to the host, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis infects humans through an oral
route. TB can be caught by persons that inhale droplets
containing the bacteria when an infected person coughs or
sneezes. But the majority of these infected subjects will remain
asymptomatic. In fact, this huge reservoir is blamed
for the TB burden mainly in developing countries, causing
the global resurgence of TB, which is further fueled by the
HIV pandemic and the rise of M. tuberculosis multi (MDR)-,
extremely (XDR)-, and totally (TDR)-drug resistant strains....
