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Previous issue date: 2001Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Fundação para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências. Salvador, BA, Brasil / UNESCO. Ministério da Saude. CN/DST/AIDS. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Fundação para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências. Salvador, BA, Brasil / UNESCO. Ministério da Saude. CN/DST/AIDS. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Integrado de Microbiologia e Imunorregulação. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Fundação para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. Fundação para o Desenvolvimento das Ciências. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório Avançado de Saúde Pública. Salvador, BA, BrasilThe human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the etiological agent of the acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS), shows a variety of biological properties, which may constitute an obstacle to development
of effective vaccines or antiretroviral therapy. To characterize Brazilian strains of HIV-1, we studied 24 viruses
isolated from blood samples of HIV-1-positive patients from different regions of the country. To examine the
cell tropism and the virus ability to form syncytia, primary macrophages and the CD41 T cell line MT-2 were
infected with these viruses. We found that 22 isolates replicated well in macrophages (macrophage-tropic isolates),
2 infected only MT-2 cells (T cell line tropic variants), while 6 of them grew in both cells. We found 8
syncytium-inducing (SI) and 16 non-SI (NSI) isolates. Continuous cultures of 18 isolates were established in
the CCR51 /CXCR41 cell line PM-1, and SI/NSI features of these viruses were confirmed by cell fusion assay
with uninfected CD41 T cell lines (PM-1, MT-2, H9, and SUP-T1). The coreceptor usage of 18 isolates was
investigated by infecting U87 cells transfected with CD4 and chemokine receptors, and we found that 11 isolates
infected only CCR51 cells, 3 only CXCR41 cells, whereas 4 used both coreceptors. We also observed
that X4 isolates were more sensitive to neutralization by dextran sulfate than R5 or R5X4 viruses. Our findings
show that the Brazilian isolates are phenotypically similar to those prevalent in other regions, which could
mean that therapeutic strategies based on HIV-1 phenotypic properties would be efficient in Brazil, as in other
countries
